olorations and excrescences of the skin, popularly
called moles, may be removed by touching them every second or third
day with strong acetic or nitric acid, or with lunar caustic. If
covered with hair they should be shaved first.

=Extreme paleness= of the skin, when not symptomatic of any primary
disease, generally arises from debility, or from the languid
circulation of the blood at the surface of the body; often, also, from
insufficient or improper food, want of outdoor exercise, and the like.
The main treatment is evident. Warm baths, friction, and stimulating
lotions and cosmetics may be here employed, together with a course of
some mild chalbeate (as the lactate, protophosphate, or
ammonia-citrate of iron) and hypophosphate of soda.

=Roughness and Coarseness= of the skin, when not depending on any
particular disease, may be removed or greatly lessened by daily
friction with mild unguents or oil, or by moistening the parts, night
and morning, with a weak solution of bichloride of mercury containing
a little glycerine.

=Rashes and redness= of the skin, of a common character, often arise
from very trifling causes, among which indigestion, suppressed
perspiration, irritation, and the like, are the most frequent. Nettle
rash or urticaria, so called from the appearance and tingling
sensations resembling those caused by the sting of nettles, in some
people, is very apt to follow the use of indigestible and unwholesome
food. It is usually of short duration and recurrent. The treatment
consists in the administration of mild saline aperients, and, in
severe cases, of an emetic, particularly when the stomach is still
loaded with indigestible matter. These should be followed by copious
use of lemonade made from the fresh expressed juice. The patient
should be lightly but warmly clothed during the attack, and exposure
to the cold, or to draughts of cold air, should be carefully avoided.
The further treatment may be similar to that noticed under
"eruptions." To prevent the recurrence of the attack, the
objectionable articles of food, and any other known exciting causes,
must be avoided. Red rash, red blotch, or fiery spot, a common
consequence of disordered health, a sudden fit of dyspepsia, and, in
females, of tight lacing, and rose rash, false measles, or roseola,
having commonly a similar origin to the preceding, for the most part
require the same treatment.

=Scurf=--"furfur or furfura"--is a formation depending on