In France Sisley with Monet are the two important
landscapists. In marines Boudin and Montenard should be mentioned.

PRINCIPAL WORKS: The modern French painters are seen to
advantage in the Louvre, Luxembourg, Pantheon, Sorbonne, and
the municipal galleries of France. Also Metropolitan Museum
New York, Chicago Art Institute, Boston Museum, and many
private collections in France and America. Consult for works
in public or private hands, Champlin and Perkins,
_Cyclopedia of Painters and Paintings_, under names of
artists.

CHAPTER XV.

SPANISH PAINTING.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED: Bermudez, _Diccionario de las Bellas
Artes en Espana_; Davillier, _Memoire de Velasquez_;
Davillier, _Fortuny_; Eusebi, _Los Differentes Escuelas de
Pintura_; Ford, _Handbook of Spain_; Head, _History of
Spanish and French Schools of Painting_; Justi, _Velasquez
and his Times_; Lefort, _Velasquez_; Lefort, _Francisco
Goya_; Lefort, _Murillo et son Ecole_; Lefort, _La Peinture
Espagnole_; Palomino de Castro y Velasco, _Vidas de los
Pintores y Estatuarios Eminentes Espanoles_; Passavant, _Die
Christliche Kunst in Spanien_; Plon, _Les Maitres Italiens
au Service de la Maison d'Autriche_; Stevenson, _Velasquez_;
Stirling, _Annals of the Artists of Spain_; Stirling,
_Velasquez and his Works_; Tubino, _El Arte y los Artistas
contemporaneos en la Peninsula_; Tubino, _Murillo_; Viardot,
_Notices sur les Principaux Peintres de l'Espagne_; Yriarte,
_Goya, sa Biographie_, etc.

SPANISH ART MOTIVES: What may have been the early art of Spain we are
at a loss to conjecture. The reigns of the Moor, the Iconoclast, and,
finally, the Inquisitor, have left little that dates before the
fourteenth century. The miniatures and sacred relics treasured in the
churches and said to be of the apostolic period, show the traces of a
much later date and a foreign origin. Even when we come down to the
fifteenth century and meet with art produced in Spain, we have a
following of Italy or the Netherlands. In methods and technic it was
derivative more than original, though almost from the beginning
peculiarly Spanish in spirit.

[Illustration: FIG. 69.--SANCHEZ COELLO. CLARA EUGENIA, DAUGHTER OF
PHILIP II. MADRID.]

That spirit was a dark and savage one, a something that cringed under
the lash of the Church, bowed before the Inquisition, and played