la,
July 17, 1581.

Ordinance restricting departure from the islands. Gonzalo
Ronquillo de Penalosa; Manila, March 2, 1582.

Letter to Felipe II. Gonzalo Ronquillo de Penalosa; Manila,
June 15, 1582.

Bibliographical Data

Illustrations

View of Mallaca, in _Eylffte Schiffahrt_, by Levinus Hulsius
(Franckfurt am Mayn, 1612), p. 64; enlarged photographic facsimile,
from copy in Harvard University Library.

"Indiae orientalis, insularumque adiacientium typus" (original
in colors), map in _Theatrum orbis terrarum_, by Abraham Ortelius
(Antverpiae, M. D. LXX), fol. 48; reduced photographic facsimile,
from copy in Boston Public Library.

"Incola ex Insulis Moluco" (picture of a Moluccan warrior; original
in colors), engraving in _Voyage ofte Schipvaert_, Jan Huygen van
Linschoten (Amstelredam, M. D. XCVI), p. 64; photographic facsimile,
from copy in Boston Public Library.

Preface

The first official report sent by Governor Francisco de Sande to
the home government is dated June 7, 1576. It is introduced by a
description of the winds prevalent in the Indian Archipelago. Arriving
at Manila (August 25, 1575), he finds that much of the city has
been destroyed by a Chinese pirate named Limahon; and he relates,
in a graphic manner, the circumstances of this affair. In the first
attack (September, 1574), fourteen Spaniards and more than eighty
Chinese are slain. The enemy renew the attack a few days later,
but are repulsed with much loss. The Moros of the vicinity rebel,
insulting and robbing the friars and defiling the churches. The
Chinese proceed to Pangasinan, where they erect a fort, determining
to establish themselves there. All the Spanish forces are assembled,
and an expedition is sent (March 23, 1575), under Juan de Salcedo,
to attack the marauders. In the first encounter the Spanish are
victorious; but through mismanagement they fail to follow up their
success, and finally the Chinese depart from Luzon. A Chinese officer
named Omocon comes to search for the pirate Limahon; on his return,
he carries some Augustinian friars to China, but they return in
a few months. The Chinese bring certain presents to the governor,
which he turns over to the king. He does not like that people, saying
that they are mean, impudent, importunate, and deceitful. He relates
many interesting particulars regarding the country and people of
China--derived from the various reports which have come t