ed of democracy and her determination to control her
own affairs.

One son of the soil had a vision wider than that of his contemporaries.
Years before the rebellion the editor of a Halifax newspaper saw the
scattered, jarring British colonies {165} united under the old flag,
and bound together by fellowship within the Empire. He saw iron roads
spanning the continent and the white sails of Canadian commerce dotting
the Pacific. Canadians of this day see what Howe foresaw--the eye
among the blind. Let it be repeated. In those old days there were no
Canadians of Canada. Confederation had to be achieved, a new
generation had to be born and grow to manhood, before a national
sentiment was possible. These new Canadians saw little or nothing of
provinces with outworn feuds and divisions. They saw only the Dominion
of Canada. Their imagination was stirred by the ideal of half a
continent staked out for a second great experiment in democracy, of a
vast domain to be filled and subdued and raised to power by a new
nation. In spite of many faults and failures and disappointments,
Canadians have been true to that ideal. The Canada of to-day is
something far grander than the Mackenzies and Papineaus ever dreamed
of; she has disappointed the fears and exceeded the hopes of the
Durhams and the Elgins; and she stands on the threshold, as Canadians
firmly trust, of a more illustrious future.

{166}

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

The following are a few of the works which should be consulted:

Lord Durham, _Report on the Affairs of British North America_ (1839).

Sir Francis Hincks, _Reminiscences_ (1884).

Dent, _The Last Forty Years_ (1881).

Reid, _Life and Letters of the First Earl of Durham_ (1906).

Shortt, _Lord Sydenham_ (1908).

Wrong, _The Earl of Elgin_ (1906).

Bourinot, _Lord Elgin_ (1905).

Walrond, _Letters and Journals of James, Eighth Earl of Elgin_ (1872).

Leacock, _Baldwin, LaFontaine, Hincks_ (1907).

Pope, _Memoirs of Sir John Macdonald_ (1894).

_Canada and its Provinces_, vol. v (1913), the chapters by W. L. Grant,
J. L. Morison, Edward Kylie, Duncan M'Arthur, and Adam Shortt.

Consult also, for individual biographies of the various persons
mentioned in the narrative, Taylor, _Portraits of British Americans_
(1865); Dent, _The Canadian Portrait Gallery_ (1880); and _The
Dictionary of National Biography_ (1903).

{167}

INDEX

Annexation movement of 1849, the, 133-6.

Ar