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Farmer's|Income | Income | Total | Cost of |Cost of |Total |Balance.
Area | from |from Other| |Cultivation|Living |Outlay|
|Farming| Work | | | | |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| yen | yen | yen | yen | yen | yen | yen
2-1/2 | | | | | | |
cho | 366 | 43 | 409 | 107 | 276 | 382 | 27
| | | | | | |
5 cho | 441 | 33 | 474 | 119 | 301 | 423 | 52
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It will be seen that mixed farming is the more profitable.

Income of Tenants (Hokkaido).--Professor Takaoka was kind enough to
give me the following summaries of balance sheets of tenants of
college lands in different parts of Hokkaido in 1915. (In all cases
the accounts have been debited with wages for the farmer's family.)

Five _cho_. Income, 447 yen; _net return, 37 yen_. (Rye, wheat, oats,
corn, soy, potatoes, grass, flax, buckwheat and rape. One horse and a
few hens.)

Five _cho_. Income, 763 yen; _net return, 58 yen_. (Rye, wheat, oats,
rape, soy, potatoes, corn, grass, flax and onions. Three cows, one
horse.)

Ten _cho_. Income, 1,015 yen; _net return, 122 yen_. (Same crops with
two cows and one horse and some hired labour.)

Five _cho_ (peppermint on 3 _cho_). Income, 882 yen; _net return_, 93
_yen_.

Three _cho_. Income, 1,195 yen; _net return, 332 yen_. (Vegetable
farming. 206 yen paid for labour.)

Thirty _cho_. Income, 1,979 yen; _net return, 61 yen_. (Mixed farming;
632 yen paid for labour.)

Model _5-cho_ farm without rice. Made 604 yen, and 107 yen _net
return_, farm capital being 1,487 yen. (208 yen allowed for labour,
interest 128 yen, amortisation 27 yen, and taxes 13 yen.)

Milk farmer, 12 _cho_ and 90 cattle. Income, 12,280 yen; _net return
of 3,641 yen_.

2,120 _cho_ (1,235 forest, 402 pasture, 110 artificial grass and 42
crops; 111 cattle). Income, 66,205 yen; _net return, 1,011 yen_. (Milk
and meat farming.)

Average income and expenditure of 200 tenants of University land whose
budgets Professor Morimoto (see Chapter XXXIV) investigated:

yen
Crops 451.66
Wages earned