little chambers, but the little chambers
here are shorter than in the black walnut, as may be seen from a
comparison of Figs. 71 and 72. The bark of the butternut is light
gray while that of the black walnut is dark. The buds in the
butternut are longer than those of the black walnut and are light
brown instead of gray in color. The form of the tree is low and
spreading as compared with the black walnut. The fruit in the
butternut is elongated while that of the black walnut is round. The
leaves of the butternut have fewer leaflets and these are lighter in
color.

GROUP X. TULIP TREE, SWEET GUM, LINDEN, MAGNOLIA, LOCUST, CATALPA,
DOGWOOD, MULBERRY AND OSAGE ORANGE

TULIP TREE (_Liriodendron tulipifera_)

Distinguishing characters: There are four characters that stand out
conspicuously in the tulip tree--the *bud*, the *trunk*, the
persistent *fruit cups* and the wedged *leaf*.

The bud, Fig. 74, about three-quarters of an inch long, is covered
by two purplish scales which lend special significance to its whole
appearance. The trunk is extremely individual because it rises stout
and shaft-like, away above the ground without a branch as shown in
Fig. 73. The tree flowers in the latter part of May but the cup that
holds the fruit persists throughout the winter. The leaf, Fig. 75,
has four lobes, is nearly as broad as it is long and so notched at
the upper end that it looks different from any other leaf.

[Illustration: FIG. 73.--The Tulip Tree.]

[Illustration: FIG. 74.--Bud of the Tulip Tree.]

Form and size: The tulip tree is one of the largest, stateliest and
tallest of our trees.

Range: Eastern United States.

Soil and location: Requires a deep, moist soil.

Enemies: Comparatively free from insects and disease.

Value for planting: The tree has great value as a specimen on the lawn
but is undesirable as a street tree because it requires considerable
moisture and transplants with difficulty. It should be planted while
young and where it can obtain plenty of light. It grows rapidly.

Commercial value: The wood is commercially known as _whitewood_ and
_yellow poplar_. It is light, soft, not strong and easily worked. It
is used in construction, for interior finish of houses, woodenware
and shingles. It has a medicinal value.

Other characters: The _flower_, shown in Fig. 75, is greenish yellow in