y virtue and justice obtained the government, he says that he got
it not by real but pretended justice. (Ibid. i. 96.)

But I let pass the barbarian examples, since he has offered us plenty
enough in the Grecian affairs. He says, that the Athenians and many
other Ionians were so ashamed of that name that they wholly refused to
be called Ionians; and that those who esteemed themselves the noblest
among them, and who had come forth from the very Prytaneum of Athens,
begat children on barbarian wives whose parents, husbands, and former
children they had slain; that the women had therefore made a law among
themselves, confirmed it by oath, and delivered it to be kept by their
daughters, never to eat with their husbands, nor to call any of them by
his name; and that the present Milesians are descended from these women.
Having afterwards added that those are true Ionians who celebrate the
feast called Apaturia; they all, says he, keep it except the Ephesians
and Colophonians. (Herodotus, i. 143-148.) In this manner does he
deprive these two states of their nobility.

He says moreover, that the Cumaeans and Mitylenaeans agreed with Cyrus
to deliver up to him for a price Pactyas, who had revolted from him. I
know not indeed, says he, for how much; since it is not certain what it
was. Bravo!--not to know what it was, and yet to cast such an infamy on
a Grecian city, without an assured knowledge! He says farther, that
the Chians took Pactyas, who was brought to them out of the temple of
Minerva Poliuchus (or Guardianess of the city), and delivered him up,
having received the city Atarneus for their recompense. And yet Charon
the Lampsacenian, a more ancient writer, relating this matter concerning
Pactyas, charges neither the Mitylenaeans nor the Chians with any such
action. These are his very words: "Pactyas, hearing that the Persian
army drew near, fled first to Mitylene, then to Chios, and there fell
into the hands of Cyrus." (See Herodotus, i. 157. etc.)

Our author in his Third Book, relating the expedition of the
Lacedaemonians against the tyrant Polycrates, affirms, that the Samians
think and say that the Spartans, to recompense them for their former
assistance against the Messenians, both brought back the Samians that
were banished, and made war on the tyrant; but that the Lacedaemonians
deny this, and say, they undertook this design not to help or deliver
the Samians, but to punish them for having taken away a cup sent b