by Democritus, of which
Simonides gives us an account in this epigram:--

When as the Greeks at sea the Medes did meet,
And had near Salamis a naval fight,
Democritus as third led up the fleet,
Charging the enemy with all his might;
He took five of their ships, and did another,
Which they had taken from the Greeks, recover.

But why should any one be angry with him about the Naxians? If we have,
as some say, antipodes inhabiting the other hemisphere, I believe that
they also have heard of Themistocles and his counsel, which he gave
to the Greeks, to fight a naval battle before Salamis, on which, the
barbarian being overcome, he built in Melite a temple to Diana the
Counsellor. This gentle writer, endeavoring, as much as in him lies, to
deprive Themistocles of the glory of this, and transfer it to another,
writes thus word for word: "Whilst things were thus, Mnesiphilus, an
Athenian, asked Themistocles, as he was going aboard his ship, what had
been resolved on in council. And being answered, that it was decreed
the ships should be brought back to Isthmus, and a battle fought at sea
before Peloponnesus; he said, If then they remove the navy from Salamis,
you will no longer be fighting for one country for they will return
every one to his own city. Wherefore, if there be any way left, go and
endeavor to break this resolution; and, if it be possible, persuade
Eurybiades to change his mind and stay here." Then adding that this
advice pleased Themistocles, who, without making any reply, went
straight to Eurybiades, he has these very expressions: "And sitting by
him he related what he had heard from Mnesiphilus, feigning as if it
came from himself, and adding other things." (Herodotus, viii. 57, 58.)
You see how he accuses Themistocles of disingenuity in arrogating to
himself the counsel of Mnesiphilus.

And deriding the Greeks still further, he says, that Themistocles, who
was called another Ulysses for his wisdom, was so blind that he could
not foresee what was fit to be done; but that Artemisia, who was of the
same city with Herodotus, without being taught by any one, but by her
own consideration, said thus to Xerxes: "The Greeks will not long be
able to hold out against you, but you will put them to flight, and they
will retire to their own cities; nor is it probable, if you march your
army by land to Peloponnesus, that they will sit still, or take care
to fight at sea for the Athenians.