lective interests of the
group. Can it be credited that such conditions could have
acted upon the patriarch, whose conduct would still be
inspired by individual appetite and selfish inclinations? I
maintain such a view to be impossible.

12. Another advantage, I think, would arise for women out of
the male's jealous tyranny in the sexual relationship. Such
an idea may appear strange, if we think only of the
subjection of the females to the brute-appetite of the
patriarch. Yet there is another side. The women must have
gained freedom by being less occupied with sex passions, and
also from being less jealously interested in the man than he
was in them. It may be urged that the women would be jealous
of each other. I do not think this could have been. Jealousy
has its roots in the consciousness of possession, and is
only aroused through fear of loss. This could not have acted
with any great power among the women in the patriarchal
group. Their interest of possession in sex must have been
less acute in consciousness than the interest of the male.
Doubtless the woman would be attracted by the male's
courageous action in fighting his rivals for possession of
her, but when the rival was the woman's son such attraction
would come into strong conflict with the deeper maternal
instinct.

13. From the standpoint of physical strength, the patriarch
was the master, the tyrant ruler of the group, who,
doubtless, often was brutal enough. But the women, leading
an independent life to some extent, and with their mental
ingenuity developed by the conditions of their life, would
learn, I believe, to outwit their master by passive united
resistance. They would come to utilise their sex charms as
an accessory of success. Thus the unceasing sexual
preoccupation of the male, with the emotional dependence it
entailed on the females, must, I would suggest, have given
women an immense advantage. If I am right here, the
patriarch would be in the power of his women, much more
surely than they would be in his power.

14. Again, an antagonism must have arisen between the despot
father and his women, in particular with his daughters,
forced to submit to his brute-passions. I confess I find
grave difficulty in reconciling the view that the
gro