, when white persons not better
qualified were permitted to vote.

After briefly discussing the extension of the franchise to aliens and
the beginnings of woman suffrage the author directs his attention to
the question as it developed during the Civil War and the
Reconstruction. Into this he brings so many impertinent matters
concerning reconstruction that he almost wanders afield. In the
discussion, however, he makes clear his position that Congress in its
plan for reconstruction had no right to require the seceded States to
make provision for Negro suffrage. As these States, moreover, were not
qualified for representation in Congress they could not be for
ratification of an amendment. It is not surprising then that the
author blamed the Negro for his own recent disfranchisement. He says:
"The Negro must have failed to make himself an intelligent dominant
political factor in the South or such constitutions as have been
renewed here would be utterly impossible." The author has evidently
ignored the forces making history.

* * * * *

_A Social History of the American Family._ By ARTHUR W. CALHOUN, Ph.D.
Volumes II and III. The Arthur A. Clark Company, Cleveland, Ohio.

This work, the first volume of which with these two completes the
treatise, appeared in 1917 when it was reviewed in this publication.
The second volume covers the period from our independence through the
Civil War. Carrying forward this treatment the author considers
marriage and fecundity in the new nation, the unsettling of
foundations, the emancipation of childhood, the social subordination
of woman, the emergence of woman, the family and the home, sex morals
in the opening continent, the struggle for the west, the new
industrial order, the reign of self indulgence, Negro sex and family
relations in the ante-bellum South, racial associations in the old
South, the white family in the old South, and the effects of the Civil
War.

Discussing Negro sex the author says (II, 243): "If the blacks were
gross and bestial, so would our race be under a like bondage; so it is
now when driven by capitalism to the lower levels of misery. The
allegedly superior morality of the master race or class is not an
inherent trait but merely a function of economic ease and ethical
tradition." He then discusses slave breeding, which was so degrading
as to force sexual relations between healthy Negroes and even that of
orphan white girls wi