under Arbuthnot, watching French at Newport, 151, 170.

Gates, Horatio, American General, defeated by Cornwallis at
Camden, 152.

George, Lake, a link in consecutive water communications from New
York to Canada, 7, 51.

Gibraltar, d'Estaing ordered to commence hostilities when forty
leagues west of, 59;
capture of, a leading object with Spanish Government, 120;
this desire affects the major operations of Allies throughout
the war, 121, 186;
blockade of, by land and sea, 121;
Rodney's relief of, 1780, 121-126, 157;
Darby's relief of, 1781, 186, 188;
Howe's relief of, 1782, 229-233.

Glossary, of technical terms used in this book, 257.

Grant, James, British General, share of in capture of Santa Lucia,
102-104.

Graves, Sir Thomas, British Admiral, brings reinforcement of
vessels to New York, 151;
relieves Arbuthnot in command of North American Station, 1781,
176;
difficulties of, owing to interception of communications, 177;
joined by Hood off New York, 177;
sails for the relief of Cornwallis, 178;
action of, with French fleet under de Grasse, 179-184;
conduct of, criticized by Hood, 181, 182, 184;
returns to New York, 184;
relieves Sir Peter Parker in Jamaica command, 185.

Great Britain, feeble hold of, upon Canada, 1775, 10;
shown by rewards for saving the colony, 26;
inadequate provision of force by, 1774-1776, 29, 30, 59, 62, 79,
82, 99, 112, 116, 117, 120, 127, 148, 189, 193, 226;
improper dispersion of effort by, 30, 31, 48, 52, 56, 62, 63,
72, 113-115, 151-153, 175;
distrust of Government of, among naval officers, 79, 81, 93, 95,
97, 99, 135, 146, 157, 158, 193;
alarm in, produced by Allied fleets in Channel, 1779, 117;
declares war against Holland, 1780, 158.

Grenada, British West India Island, captured by French, 105;
naval battle off, 105-112.

Haiti, French West India Island, 147, 148, 168 (see "Cap Francois");
squadron action off north coast of, 153-155.

Hardy, Sir Charles, British Admiral, commands Channel Fleet, 117,
119.

Holland, brought into War of American Independence by concurring
in Armed Neutrality of Baltic Powers, 1780, 3, 158, 236;
colonial possessions of, 3, 158, 160-162, 236, 240, 246;
St. Eustatius, St. Martin, and Saba, West