always studied what he called _unexpectedness_, was asked what name he gave
it for those who walked over his grounds a second time. He was silenced;
but I have an answer: It is that which is given by the very procedure of
taking up my book a second time.

REVIEW OF CYCLOPAEDIAS.

October 19, 1861. _The English Cyclopaedia._ Conducted by Charles
Knight.[445] 22 vols.: viz., _Geography_, 4 vols.; _Biography_, 6
vols.; _Natural History_, 4 vols.; _Arts and Sciences_, 8 vols.
(Bradbury & Evans.)

_The Encyclopaedia Britannica: a Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and
General Literature._ Eighth Edition. 21 vols. and Index. (Black.)

The two editions above described are completed at the same time: and they
stand at the head of the two great branches into which pantological
undertakings are divided, as at once the largest and the best of their
classes.

When the works are brought together, the first thing that strikes the eye
is the syllable of difference in the names. The word _Cyclopaedia_ is a bit
of modern purism. Though [Greek: enkuklopaideia][446] is not absolutely
Greek of Greece, we learn from both Pliny[447] and Quintilian[448] that the
circle {281} of the sciences was so called by the Greeks, and
Vitruvius[449] has thence naturalized _encyclium_ in Latin. Nevertheless we
admit that the initial _en_ would have euphonized but badly with the word
_Penny_: and the _English Cyclopaedia_ is the augmented, revised, and
distributed edition of the _Penny Cyclopaedia_. It has indeed been said that
Cyclopaedia should mean the education _of_ a circle, just as Cyropaedia is
the education _of_ Cyrus. But this is easily upset by Aristotle's word
[Greek: kuklophoria],[450] motion _in_ a circle, and by many other cases,
for which see the lexicon.

The earliest printed Encyclopaedia of this kind was perhaps the famous
"myrrour of the worlde," which Caxton[451] translated from the French and
printed in 1480. The original Latin is of the thirteenth century, or
earlier. This is a collection of very short treatises. In or shortly after
1496 appeared the _Margarita Philosophica_ of Gregory Reisch,[452] the same
we must suppose, who was confessor to the Emperor Maximilian.[453] This is
again a collection of treatises, of much more pretension: and the
estimation formed of it is proved by the number of editions it went
through. In 1531 appeared the little collection of _works_ of
Ringelberg,[454] which is truly c