by Alaric, i. 300.
Fall and pillage of, by the Vandals, i. 350.
Progress of, to Papal supremacy, i. 352.
Relations of, to Constantinople, i. 353.
Three pressures upon, ii. 1.
Pillaged, sacked, and fired by Henry, ii. 20.
Immoralities of, brought to light by the Crusades, ii. 136.
Its geological peculiarities, ii. 307.

Roemer, his estimate of the velocity of light confirmed, ii. 299.

Roscelin of Compiegne, an early advocate of Nominalism, ii. 11.

Ruysch improves minute anatomy, ii. 286.

Sacramentarians, separate from the Lutherans, ii. 211.

Sahara Desert affects the distribution of heat in Europe, i. 24.

Saladin retakes Jerusalem, ii. 25.
His noble behaviour to Richard I., ii. 136.

Salamanca, Columbus confuted by the Council of, ii. 161.
Council of, its reply when urged to teach physical science, ii. 278.

Sampson, Agnes, burnt for witchcraft, ii. 117.

Samuel, an accomplished Jewish physician, i. 400.

Sanctorio lays the foundation of modern physiology, ii. 285.
Invents the thermometer, ii. 390.

Sanscrit vocabulary, i. 33.

Saracens, their policy, i. 336.
Cause of their check in the conquest of France, i. 369.
Are taught by the Nestorians and Jews, i. 384.
They dominate in the Mediterranean, i. 422.
Their chemistry, medicine, and surgery, ii. 39.
Their philosophy, ii. 49.
Early cultivators of astronomy, ii. 133.

Sardica, Council of, i. 292.

Satan, notion of, had become debased, i. 414.

Sautree, William, the first English martyr, ii. 99.

Saviour, in Koran never called Son of God, i. 342.
Model of, eventually received, i. 361.

Scandinavian geological motion, i. 30.
Discovery of America, ii. 164, 175.

Sceptics, rise of, i. 163.

Schism, causes of the great, ii. 96.

Scholastic philosophy, rise of, ii. 11.
Theology, rise of, ii. 12.

Schools, philosophical Greek, merely points of reunion, i. 112.
The Megaric, Cyrenaic, and Cynical, i. 148.

Science, Alexandrian, suppressed, i. 325.

Sculpture, relation of Church to, i. 360.

Sea of Azof, a dependency of the Mediterranean, i. 28.

Seasons, effect of, on animals and plants, i. 6.

Sebastian de Elcano, the Lieutenant of Magellan, ii. 173.

Secular geological movement of Europe and Asia, i. 29.
Inequalities of satellites, ii. 277.

Semicircular canals, their function, i. 5.

Seneca