ches; some devour
the leaves; some feed inside the nuts and ruin them; some suck the sap
from the stems and leaves.

I shall make no attempt in this paper to enumerate these pests. Time
forbids. I shall only mention a few of the most obvious and most
serious, and where possible, point out control measures.

THE WALNUT CATERPILLAR.

_Datana integerrima_ G. & R.

During the month of August clusters of blackish caterpillars bearing
white hairs, may be seen stripping the terminal branches of black
walnut, butternut and hickory trees. This is called the walnut
caterpillar, and it has been very abundant in Connecticut this season.
Many small trees have been entirely stripped and large ones almost
defoliated. There is only one brood each year in Connecticut, though two
occur in the southern states, and the pupae winter in the ground. The
adult is a reddish brown moth, having a wing-spread of about one and
one-half inches. Clipping off the twigs and crushing the mass of
caterpillars is perhaps the simplest control method on small trees.
Spraying with lead arsenate will prevent defoliation.

THE FALL WEB-WORM.

_Hyphantria cunea_ Drury.

Though a general feeder attacking all kinds of fruit, shade and forest
trees, the fall web-worm commonly feeds upon the foliage of nut trees,
especially hickories, causing considerable damage in the South. The
adult is a white moth, having a wing-spread of an inch or more,
appearing in midsummer and laying its egg-cluster on the under side of a
leaf. The young caterpillars make a nest at the end of a lateral branch
by drawing the leaves together with their webs. These nests usually
appear in July and August, though in Connecticut there is a partial
second brood and usually a few nests of the early brood may be found in
June. In the South there are two complete generations. When the larvae
have exhausted their food supply, they extend their nest by taking in
fresh leaves, but always feed inside the nest, differing in this respect
from the tent caterpillar which makes its nests here in May. When fully
grown the caterpillars are about one and one-fourth inches long, with
brown bodies covered with light brown hairs, and may be seen crawling
about seeking a place to pupate. They soon go into the ground where they
transform, the adults emerging the following year.

The best remedies are (1) clipping off and burning the nests when small,
and (2) spraying the foliage with arsenical poison.