e administration of the government of Tibet,
or any other affairs therewith connected; no foreign Power shall
be permitted to send either official or non-official persons to
Tibet--no matter in what pursuit they may be engaged--to assist in
the conduct of Tibetan affairs; no foreign Power shall be
permitted to construct roads or railways or erect telegraphs or
open mines anywhere in Tibet.

'In the event of Great Britain's consenting to another Power
constructing roads or railways, opening mines, or erecting
telegraphs, Great Britain will make a full examination on her own
account for carrying out the arrangements proposed. No real
property or land containing minerals or precious metals in Tibet
shall be mortgaged, exchanged, leased, or sold to any foreign
Power.

'10. Of the two versions of the treaty, the English text to be
regarded as operative.'

The ninth clause, which precludes Russian interference and
consequent absorption, is of course the most vital article of the
treaty.

The next day in durbar a scene was enacted which reminded one of a play
before the curtain falls, when the characters are called on the stage
and apprised of their changed fortunes, and everything ends happily.
Among the mutual pledges and concessions and evidences of goodwill that
followed we secured the release of the political captives who had been
imprisoned on account of assistance rendered British subjects. An old
man and his son were brought into the hall looking utterly bowed and
broken. The old man's chains had been removed from his limbs that
morning for the first time in twenty years, and he came in blinking at
the unaccustomed light like a blind man miraculously restored to sight.
He had been the steward of the Phalla estate near Dongste; his offence
was hospitality shown to Sarat Chandra Das in 1884. An old monk of Sera
was released next. He was so weak that he had to be supported into the
room. His offence was that he had been the teacher of Kawa Guchi, the
Japanese traveller who visited Lhasa in the disguise of a Chinese
pilgrim. We who looked on these sad relics of humanity felt that their
restitution to liberty was in itself sufficient to justify our advance
to Lhasa.

On August 14 the Amban posted in the streets of Lhasa a proclamation
that the Dalai Lama was deposed by the authority of the Chinese Emperor,
owin