ing are more
fundamental and numerous than those which relate to wooing. In a moral
code, likewise, whether in an animal or human society, the bulk of
morality turns upon food rather than sex relations; and since the male
is more active in both these relations, and since, further, morality
is the mode of regulating activities in these relations, it is to
be expected that morality, and immorality as well, will be found
primarily to a greater degree functions of the motor male disposition.

Tribal safety and the preservation and extension of the territory
furnishing food demand the organized attention of the group first of
all; and the emotional demonstrations and social rewards following
modes of behavior which have a protective or provident meaning for
the group, and the public disapproval and disallowance of modes of
behavior which impair the safety or force capacity, and consequent
satisfactions of the group, become in the tribe the most powerful
of all stimuli, and stimuli to which the male is peculiarly able to
react. This is not like the case of hunger and other physiological
stimuli which are conditioned from within. The individual acts for the
advantage of the group rather than for his personal advantage, and the
stimulus to this action must be furnished socially. Group preservation
being of first-rate importance, no group would survive in which the
public showed apathy on this point. Lewis and Clarke say of the Dakota
Indians:

What struck us most was an institution peculiar to them and
to the Kite Indians, further to the westward, from whom it
is said to have been copied. It is an association of the most
active and brave young men, who are bound to each other by
attachment, secured by a vow never to retreat before any
danger, or to give way to their enemies. In war they go
forward without sheltering themselves behind trees, or aiding
their natural valor by any artifice.... These young men sit,
and encamp, and dance together, distinct from the rest of the
nation; they are generally about thirty or thirty-five years
old; and such is the deference paid to courage that their
seats in the council are superior to those of the chiefs, and
their persons more respected.[185]

The consciousness of the value of male activity is here expressed in
an exaggerated degree--in a degree bordering upon the pathological,
since the reckless exposure of life to danger is not ne