sition by
day.
3. To capture posts or patrols.
4. To surprise for moral effect.

Defensive:
Obstacles in front of position.
Trenches heavily manned and supports drawn close.

Shelter:
Troops under canvas--in camp.
Troops on ground without canvas--bivouac.
Troops in huts or villages--cantonment.
Tactical considerations are paramount in the selection of camp sites
in the theater of operations.

Selection of Camp Site:
1. Suitably large to accommodate command.
2. Water supply sufficient and accessible.
3. Good roads to and in camp.
4. Wood and grass forage near at hand.
5. Sandy subsoil for drainage.
6. Hot weather shade--cold protection.

To maintain the efficiency of a command, troops must have adequate
shelter.

Sanitary Considerations Around Camp:
Latrines on opposite side of camp from kitchens.
Short camps, straddle trenches.
Long camps, trenches 2 by 6 by 12 with seats.
Have latrines screened.
Burn the trenches out daily and keep covered.
Wash boxes and paint with tar.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON F.S.R.

1. How are the land forces of the U.S. organized?

_Ans_.--The _Mobile Army_ consisting of Regular Army, organized land
militia when called to Federal service, drafted army, volunteers and
the field artillery and the _Coast Artillery._

Basis of organization is the Division composed of all arms and
self-sufficient. Several divisions may be grouped into a field army,
to which are attached field army troops. These are organized into a
brigade for purpose of supply and administration when necessary
through numbers.

Coast Artillery is charged with the care and use of land and coast
fortifications, including submarine mines and torpedo defenses.

2. What is the object of collecting military information?

_Ans_.--To enable the War Department to decide upon the size of army
or expedition, the proportions of different arms, the character of
clothing, equipment, etc., needed for any operation.

Information collected by the Gen. Staff in time of peace should
include geography, physical resources, and military strength of the
various nations.

3. Define reconnaisance.

_Ans_.--Reconnaisance is used to designate the work of troops or
individuals when gathering information in the field.

It is necessary during combat for the tactical use of troops.

It is carried on by: (a) aero squadron; (b) independent cavalry; (c)
di