disputably the aggressor. And this policy of lawless aggression
became more nakedly manifest in the invasion of Belgium. Great Britain
is not bound by any treaty rights to defend either Servia or Russia. But
she is bound by the most sacred obligations to defend Belgium,
obligations which France undertook to observe. We have been grieved to
the heart to see in the successive acts of German policy a disregard of
the liberties of States, small or great, which is the very negation of
civilization. It is not our country that has incurred the odium of being
a traitor to civilization or to the conscience of humanity.

Doubtless you read the facts of the situation quite differently. You may
think us entirely mistaken. But we desire to assure you, as
fellow-Christians and fellow-theologians, that our motives are not open
to the charge which has been made.

We have been moved to approach you on this matter by our deep reverence
for you and our high appreciation of the great services you have
rendered to Christendom in general. We trust that you will receive what
we have said in the spirit in which it was sent.

We have the honor to be,

Yours very sincerely,

P.J. FORSYTH, M.A., D.D., Aberdeen University. Principal of Hackney
College (Divinity School: University of London).

HERBERT T. ANDREWS, B.A. Oxon. Professor of New Testament, Exegesis,
Introduction and Criticism. New College, London (Divinity School:
University of London).

J. HERBERT DARLOW, M.A. Cambridge. Literary Superintendent of the
British and Foreign Bible Society.

JAMES R. GILLIES, M.A. Edinburgh, Moderator of the Presbyterian Church
of England. Pastor of Hampstead Presbyterian Church, London.

R. MACLEOD, Pastor of Frognal Presbyterian Church, London.

W.M. MACPHAIL, M.A. Glasgow. General Secretary of the Presbyterian
Church of England.

RICHARD ROBERTS, Pastor of Crouch Hill Presbyterian Church, London.

H.H. SCULLARD, M.A. Cambridge, M.A., D.D. London. Professor of
Ecclesiastical History, Christian Ethics, and the History of Religions
in New College (Divinity School: University of London).

ALEX RAMSAY, M.A., B.D. Pastor of the Highgate Presbyterian Church,
London.

W.B. SELBIE, M.A., D.D. Principal of Mansfield College, Oxford. Chairman
of the Congregational Union of England and Wales.

J. HERBERT STEAD, M.A. Glasgow. Warden of the Robert Browning
Settlement, London.

*Prof. Harnack in Rebuttal*

BERLIN, Sept. 10, 1914.

Gent