OFFICE OF THE REASON

I. Current objections to the Reason as a source of insight.
Intuition vs. Reason. Reason vs. Experience. Usual
view of the reason as "abstract" and as "analytic" in
its procedure 80

II. But, in common usage, the words "reason" and "reasonable"
often refer to something which does not wholly
depend upon "abstract thinking" and mere "analysis."
The "rule of reason." The concrete use of the reason.
Reason as a survey of the connections of experience, as
synthetic, and as involving broader intuitions. The
alternative: "Either inarticulate intuition or else barren
abstract reasoning," is falsely stated. The antithesis:
"Either experience or else reason," also involves failure
to see how both may be combined. Abstract thinking
as a means to an end. This end is the attainment of a
new and broader intuition. Relation between "becoming
as a little child" and "putting away childish things" 84

III. Examples of the synthetic use of the reason. The
fecundity of deductive reasoning. Novelties discovered by
the purely deductive sciences. Reason and insight in
their general relations 93

IV. The reason and the "religious paradox." The "paradox"
as not peculiar to religion. Common sense as an
appeal to standards which are in some sense superhuman.
No human individual personally experiences or verifies
what "human experience," in its conceived character as
an integral whole, is supposed to confirm. The concepts
{xii}
of truth and error are dependent upon the concept of an
appeal to an insight which no human individual ever
possesses. This latter concept cannot be limited to the
mere world of "common sense," but must be universalised.
The whole real world as the object of an all-seeing
comprehension of facts as they are. Otherwise our
opinions about the world cannot even be false. Resulting
synthetic insight of the reason. The world as the object
present to the divine wisdom 102

IV

THE WORLD AND THE WILL

I. Historical relations of philosophical idealism. General
bearing of this doctrine upon the religious interest, and
upon the history of religion