o means on the decrease." "These emigrants of the present day
consist not as formerly of poor people of the lower orders, who
turn their backs on the German fatherland, or liberal declaimers,
dreaming of an ideal of freedom which could scarcely be realized
in Utopia, but of sober excellent families of the middle class,
who, free from all delusive fancies, do not expect to find in the
western world wealth and honorable offices, but desire only to
inhabit a land, wherein they may dwell quietly and happily with
their children." "What the German wants is _room_--a new broad
field for his abilities--and this America extends to him in
unbounded space. No one at the present day hopes to obtain hills
of gold without labor, but every one knows that the far more
estimable treasure of perfect independence, or to speak more
correctly, of perfect _self-dependence_, with the prospect of a
future free from care, may in America be obtained at the cost of a
few years of earnest, honest industry. And what, to the man
oppressed in his fatherland by all the cares incident upon the
obtaining a bare subsistence, is two or three or even _four_ years
of hard work, when compared to a whole life of poverty and
misery?"

After accurately sketching the extreme misery and poverty oppressing the
inhabitants of many districts of Germany, of late years sadly increased by
the falling off in manufactures since the political disturbances, our
author proceeds to set forth the advantages offered by America:

"That most emigrants should rather look to America, than Poland,
Russia, Servia, or Siebenburgen, is natural enough, since all of
these countries together cannot offer so many attractions as
America. Where on earth is there such a vast array of unoccupied
lands, offered at such a moderate price--land so cheap that in many
districts twenty or thirty and even more acres, covered with wood,
are given at a price for which a single acre of similar land is
sold in Germany?"

The richness of the soil, the excellence of the climate, and the demand
for labor, are then described; to which, as the greatest inducement, he
adds the fact that in _America_ the fullest "liberty of labor and
mechanical calling or trade," is allowed. Also, that the taxes are so
light that an industrious man is able not only to live, but even to lay up
something for his ol