ssitating a large number of individual forms, it was not thought
that any economy would result.

Fig. 4 and Figs. 1 and 2, Plate XXIII, show clearly the construction of
the scaffolding.

[Illustration: PLATE XXIII, FIG. 1.--SCAFFOLDING FOR WATER TOWER.]

[Illustration: PLATE XXIII, FIG. 2.--COMPLETED WATER TOWER.]

All concrete was mixed wet, in a motor-driven, Smith mixer, and handled
off the outside scaffold, being sent up in wheel-barrows on the ordinary
contractor's hoist and placed in the forms through an iron chute having
a hopper mouth. This chute was built in three sections bolted together,
either one, two, or three sections being used, depending on the distance
of the forms below the deck. When the top of the forms reached the
elevation of any deck, the concrete was put in through the chute from
the deck above. The chute was light and easily shifted by the
wheel-barrow men, assisted by the man placing the concrete, during the
interval between successive wheel-barrows.

[Illustration: FIG. 3.--FORMS FOR WATER TOWER VICTORIA, B.C.]

The concrete, except that for the roof and parapet, was composed of sand
and broken rock, the run of the crusher being used. That for the roof
and parapet was composed of sand and gravel. The only reason for using
gravel for the concrete of the roof was the ease with which it could be
obtained in small quantities, the supply of broken rock having been used
up, and this being the last concrete work to be done.

The concrete used was as follows: 1:3:6 for the sub-base and taper base;
1:3:5 for the barrel of the tower and tank casing; and 1:2:4 for the
dome and roof. The dome was put in at one time, there being no joint,
the same being true of the roof. Vancouver Portland cement,
manufactured on the island about 15 miles from the city, was used
throughout the work.

Before filling, the inside of the tank was given a plaster coat,
consisting of 1 part cement to 1-3/4 parts of fine sand. This proved to
be insufficient to prevent leakage, the water seeping through the dome
and appearing on the outside of the structure along the line of the
bottom of the rings. Three more coats were then applied over the entire
tank, and two additional ones over the dome and about 8 ft. up on the
sides, and, except for one or two small spots which show just a sign of
moisture, the tank is perfectly tight.

The barrel of the tower was carried up to a height of 66 ft. A special
set of inside forms, a