m the
city; and here, too, were held the meetings that led up to the "Boston
Tea Party" of 1773. Faneuil Hall (the original hall of the name was
given to the city by Peter Faneuil, a Huguenot merchant, in 1742) is
associated, like the Old South, with the patriotic oratory of
revolutionary days and is called "the cradle of American liberty." Its
association with reform movements and great public issues of later times
is not less close and interesting.[2] The adjoining Quincy market may be
mentioned because its construction (1826) was utilized to open six new
streets, widen a seventh, and secure flats, docks and wharf rights--all
without laying tax or debt upon the city. The original King's chapel
(1688, present building 1749-1754) was the first Episcopal church of
Boston, which bitterly resented the action of the royal governor in 1687
in using the Old South for the services of the Church of England. The
new state house, the oldest portion of which (designed by Charles
Bulfinch) was erected in 1795-1798, was enlarged in 1853-1856, and again
by a huge addition in 1889-1898 (total cost about $6,800,000 to 1900).
Architecturally, everything is subordinated to a conformity with the
style of the original portion; and its gilded dome is a conspicuous
landmark. Other buildings of local importance are the city hall (1865);
the United States government building (1871-1878, cost about
$6,000,000); the county court-house (1887-1893, $2,250,000); the
custom-house (1837-1848); and the chamber of commerce (1892).

Copley Square, in the Back Bay, is finely distinguished by a group of
exceptional buildings: Trinity church, the old Museum of Fine Arts, the
public library and the new Old South church. Trinity (1877, cost
$800,000), in yellowish granite with dark sandstone trimmings, the
masterpiece of H.H. Richardson, is built in the Romanesque style of
southern France; it is a Latin cross surmounted by a massive central
tower, with smaller towers and an adjacent chapel reached by open
cloisters that distribute the balance (see ARCHITECTURE, Plate XVI. fig.
137). It has windows by La Farge, William Morris, Burne-Jones and
others.

The library (1888-1895; cost $2,486,000, exclusive of the site, given
by the state) is a dignified, finely proportioned building of
pinkish-grey stone, built in the style of the Italian Renaissance,
suggesting a Florentine palace. It has an imposing exterior (see
ARCHITECTURE, Plate XVI. fig. 135), a beautiful