to publish it along with _B.G._ viii. The
third Book had been left unfinished by Caesar, whose notes, some of
which were very brief, Hirtius had extended, and filled up the gaps in
the narrative. There were also some notes on the _Bell. Alex._ The
_Bell. Alex._ in the narrower sense (cc. 1-33) Hirtius began with, and
in the early chapters contented himself with making small additions.
In the later parts are found considerable additions both by Hirtius
and by Pollio. Landgraf attempts to distinguish the work of the two:
cc. 34-41, on the Bellum Ponticum, being mostly by Pollio, and cc.
65-76, on the wars in Illyria and against Pharnaces, mostly by
Hirtius.

5. The authorship of the _Bellum Hispaniense_, which in style is far
below the _Bellum Africum_, Landgraf leaves an open question.

E. Woelfflin (_Sitzungsberichte der k. b. Akad. der Wissenschaften zu
Muenchen_, 1889, pp. 323 _sqq._, and ed. of the _Bell. Afr._, 1889)
holds the same views as Landgraf, and gives many instances of
difference in diction between _Bell. Afr._ on the one hand, and
_Gall._ viii. and _Alex._ on the other; _e.g._

_Bell. Afr._ _Bell. Gall._ viii.; _Bell. Alex._
_suppetiae_, - 7 times - never.
_convallis_, - 5 " - _vallis_, 10 times.
_convulnero_, - 9 " - _vulnero_ (as in Caesar).
_contendo_ + infin., 20 " - never.
_adorior_, - 14 " - only in _Gall._ viii. 34.
_adgredior_, - never - 14 times.
_grandis_, - 7 times - _magnus_.
_subito_, - 22 " - never.
_repente_, - never - 16 times.
_postquam_, - 34 " - not in _Gall._ viii.
hist. infin., - 24 " - never.

On the other hand, Widmann, _Philologus_, L. (1891), p. 565, proves
that the author of the note-book worked up in the _Bell. Afr._ was an
officer of the 5th legion, that Pollio was not connected with the 5th
legion, and probably did not go through the whole African war, as the
author clearly must have done. This, of course, also proves that
Hirtius cannot have been the author.

On the whole, we think it proved that the _Bell. Afr._ was not written
by the author of _B. Gall._ viii. and _B. Alex._, and that the author
was not in any case Pollio. The _B. Alex._ is probably worked up from
note-books written by several hands. The attempt to distinguish the
work of Hirtius and another han