ttle. His operations in 1574 were limited to the recapture of Tunis,
which Don John had restored to Spain in 1573. With two hundred and
fifty galleys, ten _mahons_ or galleasses, and thirty caramuzels, and
supported by the Algerine squadron under Ahmed Pasha, Ochiali laid
siege to the Goletta, which had owned a Spanish garrison ever since
the conquest by Charles V. in 1535. Cervellon defended the fort till
he had but a handful of men, and finally surrendered at discretion.
Then Ochiali disappeared from the western seas; he fought for his
master in the Euxine during the Persian War, and died in 1580, aged
seventy-two, with the reputation of the most powerful admiral that had
ever held sway in the Golden Horn.

[Illustration: TUNIS IN 1573.

(_From a Map in the British Museum._)]

We have not closely followed the succession of the Pashas or
Beglerbegs of Algiers, because more important affairs absorbed the
whole energies of the Turkish galleys, and the rulers on land had
little of consequence to do. Ochiali was the seventeenth pasha of
Algiers, but of his predecessors, after the deaths of Ur[=u]j and
Kheyr-ed-d[=i]n Barbarossa, few attained special eminence. Hasan the
son of Barbarossa took part in the siege of Malta, S[=a]lih Reis
conquered Fez and Buj[=e]ya; but the rest were chiefly occupied with
repressing internal dissensions, fighting with their neighbours, and
organizing small piratical expeditions. After Ochiali had been called
to Stambol as Captain-Pasha, in 1572, when he had been Pasha of
Algiers for four years, nine governors succeeded one another in
twenty-four years. At first they were generally renegades: Ramad[=a]n
the Sardinian (1574-7), Hasan the Venetian (1577-80 and 1582-3),
Ja'far the Hungarian (1580-2), and Memi the Albanian (1583-6),
followed one another, and (with the exception of the Venetian) proved
to be wise, just, and clement rulers. Then the too usual practice was
adopted of allotting the province to the highest bidder, and rich but
incompetent or rascally Turks bought the reversion of the Pashalik.
The reign of the renegades was over; the Turks kept the government in
their own hands, and the _role_ of the ex-Christian adventurers was
confined to the minor but more enterprising duties of a Corsair reis
or the "general of the galleys." The Pashas, and afterwards the Deys,
with occasional exceptions, gave up commanding piratical expeditions,
and the interest of the history now turns upon the