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INTRODUCTION.

THE BARBARY CORSAIRS.

I.

THE REVENGE OF THE MOORS.

For more than three centuries the trading nations of Europe were
suffered to pursue their commerce or forced to abandon their gains at
the bidding of pirates. From the days when Barbarossa defied the whole
strength of the Emperor Charles V., to the early part of the present
century, when prizes were taken by Algerine rovers under the guns, so
to say, of all the fleets of Europe, the Corsairs were masters of the
narrow seas, and dictated their own terms to all comers. Nothing but
the creation of the large standing navies of the present age crippled
them; nothing less than the conquest of their too convenient coasts
could have thoroughly suppressed them. During those three centuries
they levied blackmail upon all who had any trading interest in the
Mediterranean. The Venetians, Genoese, Pisans in older days; the
English, French, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, and American Governments in
modern times, purchased security by the payment of a regular tribute,
or by the periodical presentation of costly gifts. The penalty of
resistance was too well known to need exemplification; thousands of
Christian slaves in the bagnios at Algiers bore witness to the
consequences of an independent policy. So long as the nations of
Europe continued to quarrel among themselves, instead of presenti