s in accordance with those made by Bonafous in his great work,
'Hist. Nat. du Mais,' 1836.

[571] Godron, 'De l'Espece,' tom. ii. p. 80; Al. De Candolle, idem, p. 951.

[572] 'Transact. Bot. Soc. of Edinburgh,' vol. viii. p. 60.

[573] 'Voyages dans l'Amerique Meridionale,' torn. i. p. 147.

[574] Bonafous' 'Hist. Nat. du Mais,' p. 31.

[575] Idem, p. 31.

[576] Metzger, 'Getreidearten,' s. 206.

[577] 'Description of Maize,' by P. Kalm, 1752, in 'Swedish Acts,' vol. iv.
I have consulted an old English MS. translation.

[578] 'Getreidearten,' s. 208.

[579] 'Cabbage Timber,' 'Gardener's Chron.,' 1856, p. 744, quoted from
Hooker's 'Journal of Botany.' A walking-stick made from a cabbage-stalk is
exhibited in the Museum at Kew.

[580] 'Journal de la Soc. Imp. d'Horticulture,' 1855, p. 254, quoted from
'Gartenflora,' Ap. 1855.

[581] Godron, 'De l'Espece,' tom. ii. p. 52; Metzger, 'Syst. Beschreibung
der Kult. Kohlarten,' 1833, s. 6.

[582] Regnier, 'De l'Economie Publique des Celtes,' 1818, p. 438.

[583] _See_ the elder De Candolle, in 'Transact. of Hort. Soc.,' vol. v.;
and Metzger 'Kohlarten,' &c.

[584] 'Gardener's Chronicle,' 1859, p. 992.

[585] Alph. De Candolle, 'Geograph. Bot.,' pp. 842 and 989.

[586] 'Gardener's Chron.,' Feb. 1858, p. 128.

[587] 'Kohlarten,' s. 22.

[588] Godron, 'De l'Espece,' tom. ii, p. 52; Metzger, 'Kohlarten,' s. 22.

[589] 'Geograph, Bot.,' p. 840.

[590] Godron, 'De l'Espece,' tom. ii. p. 54; Metzger, 'Kohlarten,' s. 10.

[591] 'Gardener's Chron. and Agricult. Gazette,' 1856, p. 729.

[592] 'Gardener's Chron. and Agricult. Gazette,' 1855, p. 730.

[593] Metzger, 'Kohlarten,' s. 51.

[594] These experiments by Vilmorin have been quoted by many writers. An
eminent botanist, Prof. Decaisne, has lately expressed doubts on the
subject from his own negative results, but these cannot be valued equally
with positive results. On the other hand, M. Carriere has lately stated
('Gard. Chronicle,' 1865, p. 1154) that he took seed from a wild carrot,
growing far from any cultivated land, and even in the first generation the
roots of his seedlings differed in being spindle-shaped, longer, softer and
less fibrous than those of the wild plant. From these seedlings he raised
several distinct varieties.

[595] Loudon's 'Encyclop. of Gardening,' p. 835.

[596] Alph. De Candolle 'Geograph. Bot.,' 960. Mr. Bentham ('Hort.
Journal,' vol. ix. (1855), p. 141) believes that garden