Zealanders_, pp. 202 _sq._

[21] Captain James Cook, _Voyages_, ii. 30 _sq._, 40 _sq._; W.
Yate, _An Account of New Zealand_ (London, 1835), pp. 157
_sqq._; E. Shortland, _Traditions and Superstitions of the New
Zealanders_, pp. 204 _sqq._; R. Taylor, _Te Ika A Maui_, p. 5.

[22] Captain James Cook, _Voyages_, ii. 47 _sq._; W. Yate, _op.
cit._ pp. 161 _sqq._

[23] A. Shand, "The Occupation of the Chatham Islands by the
Maoris in 1835," _Journal of the Polynesian Society_, vol. i.
no. 2 (July 1892), pp. 83 _sqq._

[24] R. Taylor, _op. cit._ p. 496; A. R. Wallace, _Australasia_
(London, 1913), pp. 442 _sq._

[25] E. Shortland, _Traditions and Superstitions of the New
Zealanders_, p. 212; Elsdon Best, "Notes on the Art of War as
conducted by the Maori of New Zealand," _Journal of the
Polynesian Society_, vol. xi. no. 4 (December 1902), p. 240.

[26] E. Shortland, _Traditions and Superstitions of the New
Zealanders_, pp. 212 _sqq._; R. Taylor, _Te Ika A Maui_, pp. 442
_sq._

[27] Captain James Cook, _Voyages_, i. 49 _sq._; W. Yate, _An
Account of New Zealand_, p. 160.

[28] Captain James Cook, _Voyages_, ii. 49; R. Taylor, _Te Ika A
Maui_, p. 4.

[29] R. Taylor, _Te Ika A Maui_, p. 4. The Maoris delivered set
speeches composed according to certain recognised laws of
rhetoric, and their oratory was distinguished by a native
eloquence and grace. See E. Shortland, _Traditions and
Superstitions of the New Zealanders_, pp. 186 _sqq._

Sec. 3. _The Beliefs of the Maoris concerning the Souls of the Living_

Like most other peoples, whether savage or civilised, the Maoris
explained the mystery of life in man by the presence of an invisible
spirit or soul, which animates his body during life and quits it at
death to survive the separation for a longer or shorter time either in
this world or another. But like many others who have sought to fathom
this profound subject, the Maoris would seem to have experienced some
difficulty in ascertaining the precise nature of the human soul. When
the natural man, on the strength of his native faculties, essays to
explore these dark abysses and to put his vague thoughts into words, he
commonly compares his soul either to his breath or to his shadow and
his reflection, and not content with a simple comparison he is led, by a
natural confusion of thought, to identify more