he next
largest being that of Col. Cilley's First New Hampshire, which was one
out of seven, all of General Poor's Brigade.[4] At the second battle,
which occurred on the 7th of October, the regiment sustained its
reputation for determined bravery and hard fighting, and thus bore an
honorable part in the most important engagement, thus far, of the war,
the results of which changed the whole aspect of the American cause.

After the battle of Stillwater, which compelled the surrender of
Burgoyne, and rendered fruitless the previous successes of the enemy
along the Hudson, the regiment returned to Fishkill, and soon joined
the army under Washington, then confronted by the British forces under
General Howe, in the vicinity of Philadelphia. It shared the
privations and sufferings of the terrible winter encampment at Valley
Forge, (1777-8) the march to which of the half naked, half-starved,
shoeless army might be tracked in blood through the December snows. It
appears from an orderly book[5] found among the papers of Colonel,
afterwards Gen. Henry Dearborn, also in the Sullivan expedition, that
at Valley Forge, Hardenbergh was Lieutenant and Adjutant of his
regiment and often served as Adjutant of the Day at Head Quarters. The
whole encampment consisted of about eleven thousand troops; and when
it was broken up the following Spring, upwards of three thousand men
unfit for duty were left behind, under charge of Colonel Van
Courtlandt, while his regiment proceeded with the main army, and
participated in the battle of Monmouth, June 28, 1778, winning
commendation for bravery and good behavior in that hotly contested
engagement.

While at camp with the main army at White Plains the same season, the
Second New York Regiment was sent to guard the frontiers in Ulster
County against the depredations of the Indians under Brant, who had
already destroyed several houses and murdered men, women and children.
It remained in the neighborhood of Laghawack, on this duty, during the
winter of 1778-79; and in the Spring while on the march to surprise
Brant stationed on the Delaware with about one hundred and fifty
Indians, an express from General Washington overtook the regiment with
orders to proceed to Fort Penn, there to await orders from General
Sullivan. It is at this point that the Journal of Lieutenant
Hardenbergh, herewith published, dates.

On its return from the Expedition, the regiment proceeded to Easton,
Pennsylvania, and from