CHAPTER V.

ROMAN MEDICINE AT THE END OF THE REPUBLIC AND THE
BEGINNING OF THE EMPIRE. 51

Asclepiades of Prusa--Themison of Laodicea--Methodism--Wounds of
Julius Caesar--Systems of Philosophy--State of the country--Roman
quacks--Slaves and Freedmen--Lucius Horatillavus

CHAPTER VI.

IN THE REIGN OF THE CAESARS TO THE DEATH OF NERO. 63

Augustus--His illnesses--Antonius Musa--Maecenas--Tiberius--
Caligula--Claudius--Nero--Seneca--Astrology--Archiater--Women
poisoners--Oculists in Rome

CHAPTER VII.

PHYSICIANS FROM THE TIME OF AUGUSTUS TO THE DEATH
OF NERO. 72

Celsus--His life and works--His influence on Medicine--Meges of
Sidon--Apollonius of Tyana--Alleged miracles--Vettius
Valleus--Scribonius Longus--Andromachus--Thessalus of
Tralles--Pliny

CHAPTER VIII.

THE FIRST AND SECOND CENTURIES OF THE CHRISTIAN ERA. 86

Athenaeus--Pneumatism--Eclectics--Agathinus--Aretaeus--Archigenes--
Dioscorides--Cassius Felix--Pestilence in Rome--Ancient surgical
instruments--Herodotus--Heliodorus--Caelius Aurelianus--Soranus--
Rufus of Ephesus--Marinus--Quintus

CHAPTER IX.

GALEN. 96

His life and works--His influence on Medicine

CHAPTER X.

THE LATER ROMAN AND BYZANTINE PERIOD. 111

Beginning of Decline--Neoplatonism--Antyllus--Oribasius--Magnus--
Jacobus Psychristus--Adamantius--Meletius--Nemesius--AEtius--
Alexander of Tralles--The Plague--Moschion--Paulus AEgineta--Decline
of Healing Art

CHAPTER XI.

INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY ON ALTRUISM AND THE
HEALING ART. 127

Essenes--Cabalists and Gnostics--Object of Christ's
Mission--Stoics--Constantine and Justinian--Gladiatorial
Games--Orphanages--Support of the Poor--Hospitals--Their
Foundation--Christianity and Hospitals--Fabiola--Christian
Philanthropy--Demon Theories of Disease receive the Church's
Sanction--Monastic Medicine--Miracles of Healing--St. Paul--St.
Luke--Proclus--Practice of Anatomy denounced--Christianity the
prime factor in promoting Altruism

CHAPTER XII.

GYMNASIA AND BATHS. 143

Gymnastics--Vitruvius--Opinions of Ancient Physicians on
Gymnastics--The Athletes--The Baths--Description of Baths at
Pompeii--Thermae--Baths of Caracalla

CHAPTER XIII.

SANITATION. 155

Water-supply--Its extent--The