you have your father much offended.
Hamlet. Madam, you have my father much offended.

2. They offer us their protec'tion. Yes', such protection as vultures give
to lambs, covering and devouring them.

3. I knew when seven justices could not make up a quarrel; but when the
parties met themselves, one of them thought but of an if; as, If you said
so, then I said so; O ho! did you say so! So they shook hands and were
sworn brothers.

REMARKS.--In the first example, the emphasis is that of contrast. The
queen had poisoned her husband, of which she incorrectly supposed her son
ignorant, and she blames him for treating his father-in-law with
disrespect. In his reply, Hamlet contrasts her deep crime with his own
slight offense, and the circumflex upon "you" becomes proper.

In the second example the emphasis is ironical. The Spaniards pretended
that they would protect the Peruvians if they would submit to them,
whereas it was evident that they merely desired to plunder and destroy
them. Thus their protection is ironically called "such protection as
vultures give to lambs," etc.

In the third example, the word "so" is used hypothetically; that is, it
implies a condition or supposition. It will be observed that the rising
circumflex is used in the first "so," and the falling, in the second,
because the first "so" must end with the rising inflection and the second
with the falling inflection, according to previous rules.

MONOTONE.

When no word in a sentence receives an inflection, it is said to be read
in a monotone; that is, in nearly the same tone throughout. This
uniformity of tone is occa-sionally adopted, and is fitted to express
solemnity or sublimity of idea, and sometimes intensity of feeling. It is
used, also, when the whole sentence or phrase is emphatic. In books of
elocution, when it is marked at all, it is generally marked thus (---), as
in the lines following.

EXAMPLES.

Hence! loathed melancholy!
Where brooding darkness spreads her jealous wings,
And the night raven sings;
There, under ebon shades and low-browed rocks,
As ragged as thy locks,
In deep Cimmerian darkness ever dwell.

IV. ACCENT.

In every word which contains more than one syllable, one of the syllables
is pronounced with a somewhat greater stress of voice than the others.
This syllable is said to be accented. The accented syllable is
distinguished by this mark ('), the same which is used in inflections.

EXAMPLES.