note 22: The androgynous creator of the Br[=a]hmanas.]

[Footnote 23: We cannot, however, quite agree with Whitney
who, _loc. cit._ p. 92, and Journal, xiii, p. ciii ff.,
implies that belief in hell comes later than this period.
This is not so late a teaching. Hell is Vedic and
Brahmanic.]

[Footnote 24: This, in pantheistic style, is expressed thus
(Cvet. 4): "When the light has arisen there is no day no
night, neither being nor not-being; the Blessed One alone
exists there. There is no likeness of him whose name is
Great Glory."]

[Footnote 25: Brihad [=A]ranyaka Upanishad, 2.4; 4. 5.]

[Footnote 26: _Na pretya sa[.m]jn[=a] 'sti._]

[Footnote 27: Some of the Upanishads have been tampered
with, so that all of the contradictions may not be due to
the composers. Nevertheless, as the uncertainty of opinion
in regard to cosmogony is quite as great as that in respect
of absorption, all the vagueness cannot properly be
attributed to the efforts of later systematizers to bring
the Upanishads into their more or less orthodox Vedantism.]

[Footnote 28: In 4. 10. 5 _kam_ is pleasure, one with ether
as _brahma_, not as wrongly above, p. 222, the god Ka.]

[Footnote 29: This Upanishad appears to be sectarian,
perhaps an early Civaite tract (dualistic), if the allusion
to Rudra Civa, below, be accepted as original.]

[Footnote 30: As is foreshadowed in the doctrine of grace by
V[=a]c in the Rig Veda, in the _Cvet_, the _Katha_, and the
_Mund_. Upanishads (_K. 2. 23; M_. 3. 2. 3), but nowhere
else, there enters, with the sectarian phase, that radical
subversion of the Upanishad doctrine which becomes so
powerful at a later date, the teaching that salvation is a
gift of God. "This Spirit is not got by wisdom; the Spirit
chooses as his own the body of that man whom He chooses."]

[Footnote 31: See above. As descriptive of the immortal
conscious Spirit, there is the famous verse: "If the slayer
thinks to slay, if the slain thinks he is slain; they both
understand not; this one (the Spirit) slays not, and is not
slain" (_Katha_, 2. 19); loosely rendered by Emerson, 'If
the red slayer think he slays,' etc.]

[Footnote 32: The fact remarked by Thibaut that radically
different systems of philosophy are built upon the
Upanish