s, so that they
shall be thoroughly lighted, roomy, and ventilated. Twelve hundred
cubic feet of space is allowed for each sleeper, and from the sleeping
apartments all unnecessary articles of furniture and of dress are
rigorously excluded. Old clothes, old shoes, and other offensive
articles of the same order, are never permitted to have residence
there. In most instances the rooms on the first floor are made the
bed-rooms, and the lower the living-rooms. In the larger houses
bed-rooms are carried out in the upper floor for the use of the
domestics.

To facilitate communication between the kitchen and the entrance-hall,
so that articles of food, fuel, and the like may be carried up, a
shaft runs in the partition between two houses, and carries a basket
lift in all houses that are above two stories high. Every heavy thing
to and from the kitchen is thus carried up and down from floor to
floor and from the top to the basement, and much unnecessary labour
is thereby saved. In the two-storied houses the lift is unnecessary. A
flight of outer steps leads to the upper or kitchen floor.

The warming and ventilation of the houses is carried out by a common
and simple plan. The cheerfulness of the fireside is not sacrificed;
there is still the open grate in every room, but at the back of
the firestove there is an air-box or case which, distinct from the
chimney, communicates by an opening with the outer air, and by another
opening with the room. When the fire in the room heats the iron
receptacle, fresh air is brought in from without, and is diffused
into the room at the upper part on a plan similar to that devised by
Captain Galton.

As each house is complete within itself in all its arrangements, those
disfigurements called back premises are not required. There is a wide
space consequently between the back fronts of all houses, which space
is, in every instance, turned into a garden square, kept in neat
order, ornamented with flowers and trees, and furnished with
playgrounds for children, young and old.

The houses being built on arched subways, great convenience exists
for conveying sewage from, and for conducting water and gas into, the
different domiciles. All pipes are conveyed along the subways, and
enter each house from beneath. Thus the mains of the water pipe and
the mains of the gas are within instant control on the first floor of
the building, and a leakage from either can be immediately prevented.
The officer