, make
excellent outdoor grounds for every house. In some instances flowers
are cultivated on them.

The housewife must not be shocked when she hears that the kitchens of
our model city, and all the kitchen offices, are immediately beneath
these garden roofs; are, in fact, in the upper floor of the house
instead of the lower. In every point of view, sanitary and economical,
this arrangement succeeds admirably. The kitchen is lighted to
perfection, so that all uncleanliness is at once detected. The smell
which arises from cooking is never disseminated through the rooms of
the house. In conveying the cooked food from the kitchen, in houses
where there is no lift, the heavy weighted dishes have to be conveyed
down, the emptied and lighter dishes upstairs. The hot water from
the kitchen boiler is distributed easily by conducting pipes into the
lower rooms, so that in every room and bedroom hot and cold water can
at all times be obtained for washing or cleaning purposes; and as on
every floor there is a sink for receiving waste water, the carrying of
heavy pails from floor to floor is not required. The scullery, which
is by the side of the kitchen, is provided with a copper and all the
appliances for laundry work; and when the laundry work is done at home
the open place on the roof above makes an excellent drying ground.

In the wall of the scullery is the upper opening to the dust-bin
shaft. This shaft, open to the air from the roof, extends to the bin
under the basement of the house. A sliding door in the wall opens into
the shaft to receive the dust, and this plan is carried out on every
floor. The coal-bin is off the scullery, and is ventilated into the
air through a separate shaft, which also passes through the roof.

On the landing in the second or middle stories of the three-storied
houses there is a bathroom, supplied with hot and cold water from the
kitchen above. The floor of the kitchen and of all the upper stories
is slightly raised in the centre, and is of smooth, grey tile; the
floor of the bath-room is the same. In the living-rooms, where the
floors are of wood, a true oak margin of floor extends two feet around
each room. Over this no carpet is ever laid. It is kept bright and
clean by the old-fashioned bees'-wax and turpentine, and the air is
made fresh and is ozonised by the process.

Considering that a third part of the life of man is, or should be,
spent in sleep, great care is taken with the bed-room