conomic aid:
donor: ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $7.2 billion

Currency: 1 Canadian dollar (Can$) = 100 cents

Exchange rates: Canadian dollars (Can$) per US$1 - 1.4129 (January
1995), 1.3656 (1994), 1.2901 (1993), 1.2087 (1992), 1.1457 (1991),
1.1668 (1990)

Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March

@Canada:Transportation

Railroads:
total: 78,148 km; note - there are two major transcontinental freight
railway systems: Canadian National (government owned) and Canadian
Pacific Railway; passenger service provided by VIA (government
operated)
standard gauge: 78,148 km 1.435-m gauge (185 km electrified) (1994)

Highways:
total: 849,404 km
paved: 253,692 km (15,983 km of expressways)
unpaved: gravel 595,712 km (1991)

Inland waterways: 3,000 km, including Saint Lawrence Seaway

Pipelines: crude and refined oil 23,564 km; natural gas 74,980 km

Ports: Becancour, Churchill, Halifax, Montreal, New Westminister,
Prince Rupert, Quebec, Saint John (New Brunswick), Saint John's
(Newfoundland), Seven Islands, Sydney, Three Rivers, Toronto,
Vancouver, Windsor

Merchant marine:
total: 71 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 617,010 GRT/878,819 DWT
ships by type: bulk 17, cargo 10, chemical tanker 5, oil tanker 23,
passenger 1, passenger-cargo 1, railcar carrier 2, roll-on/roll-off
cargo 7, short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 2
note: does not include ships used exclusively in the Great Lakes

Airports:
total: 1,386
with paved runways over 3,047 m: 17
with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 16
with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 147
with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 234
with paved runways under 914 m: 550
with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 69
with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 353

@Canada:Communications

Telephone system: 18,000,000 telephones; excellent service provided by
modern media
local: NA
intercity: about 300 earth stations for domestic satellite
communications
international: 5 coaxial submarine cables; 5 INTELSAT earth stations
(4 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)

Radio:
broadcast stations: AM 900, FM 29, shortwave 0
radios: NA

Television:
broadcast stations: 53 (repeaters 1,400)
televisions: NA

@Canada:Defense Forces

Branches: Canadian Armed Forces (includes Land Forces Command or LC,
Maritime Command or MC, Air Command or AC, Communications Command or
CC, Training Command or TC), Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

Manp