case, of an artist without public appreciation; the
greatest merit attributed to "The American School" is an abstention
from the extravagances of those who would make incomprehensibility a
test of greatness. Finally, the work of Saint-Gaudens is a noble example
of art fulfilling its social function in expressing and in elevating the
ideals of its time and country.

This last essay stands, in some respects, upon a different footing from
the others. It deals with the work and the character of a man I knew and
loved, it was originally written almost immediately after his death, and
it is therefore colored, to some extent, by personal emotion. I have
revised it, rearranged it, and added to it, and I trust that this
coloring may be found to warm, without falsifying, the picture.

The essay on "The Illusion of Progress" was first printed in "The
Century," that on Saint-Gaudens in "The Atlantic Monthly." The others
originally appeared in "Scribner's Magazine."

KENYON COX.

Calder House,
Croton-on-Hudson,
June 6, 1914.

CONTENTS

ESSAY PAGE

I. ARTIST AND PUBLIC 1
II. JEAN FRANCOIS MILLET 44
III. THE ILLUSION OF PROGRESS 77
IV. RAPHAEL 99
V. TWO WAYS OF PAINTING 134
VI. THE AMERICAN SCHOOL 149
VII. AUGUSTUS SAINT-GAUDENS 169

ILLUSTRATIONS

MILLET:
1. "The Goose Girl," _Saulnier Collection, Bordeaux_ _Frontispiece_
FACING PAGE
2. "The Sower," _Vanderbilt Collection, Metropolitan Museum, New York_ 46
3. "The Gleaners," _The Louvre_ 50
4. "The Spaders" 54
5. "The Potato Planter," _Shaw Collection_ 58
6. "The Grafter," _William Rockefeller Collection_ 62
7. "The New-Born Calf," _Art Institute, Chicago_ 66
8. "The First Steps," 70
9. "The Shepherdess," _Chauchard Collection, Louvre_ 72
10. "Spring," _The Louvre_ 74

RAPHAEL:
11. "Poetry," _The Vatican_ 112
12. "The Judgment of Solomon," _The Vatican_ 114
13. The "Disputa," _The Vatican_ 116
14. "The School of