as supplemented his authorities out of his own
knowledge and research. It may be added that, in numerous instances,
indebtedness to able students (e.g., Sir George L. Gomme) has been
expressed in the text, and need not be repeated. Finally, it would be
ungrateful, as well as ungallant, not to acknowledge some debt to the
writings of the Hon. Mrs. Brownlow, Miss Ethel Lega-Weekes, and Miss
Giberne Sieveking. Ladies are now invading every domain of intellect,
but the details as to University costume happened to be furnished by the
severe and really intricate studies of Professor E. G. Clark.

F. J. S.

TIVERTON, N. DEVON,
_January 22, 1911._

CONTENTS

ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAPTER PAGE

I. LEAGUES OF PRAYER 11
II. VOWESSES 18
III. THE LADY FAST 27
IV. CHILDREN OF THE CHAPEL 32
V. THE BOY-BISHOP 39
VI. MIRACLE PLAYS 51

ACADEMIC

VII. ALMS AND LOANS 61
VIII. OF THE PRIVILEGE 71
IX. THE "STUDIUM GENERALE" 91

JUDICIAL

X. THE ORDER OF THE COIF 115
XI. THE JUDGMENT OF GOD 127
XII. OUTLAWRY 150

URBAN

XIII. BURGHAL INDEPENDENCE 167
XIV. THE BANNER OF ST. PAUL 187
XV. GOD'S PENNY 195
XVI. THE MERCHANT AND HIS MARK 200

RURAL

XVII. RUS IN URBE 204
XVIII. COUNTRY PROPER 216

DOMESTIC

XIX. RETINUES 238

INDEX 249

THE CUSTOMS OF OLD ENGLAND

ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAPTER I

LEAGUES OF