elease your mind. Free your
soul. Be vacuous. Be nothing!"

Chuang Tzu lays especial emphasis on the cultivation of the natural as
opposed to the artificial.

"Horses and oxen have four feet; that is the natural. Put a halter on a
horse's head, a string through a bullock's nose; that is the
artificial."

"A drunken man who falls out of a cart, though he may suffer, does not
die. His bones are the same as other people's; but he meets his accident
in a different way. His spirit is in a condition of security. He is not
conscious of riding in the cart; neither is he conscious of falling out
of it. Ideas of life, death, fear, etc., cannot penetrate his breast;
and so he does not suffer from contact with objective existences. And if
such security is to be got from wine, how much more is it to be got from
_Tao_?"

The doctrine of Relativity in space and time, which Chuang Tzu deduces
from Lao Tzu's teachings, is largely introduced by the disciple.

"There is nothing under the canopy of Heaven greater than an autumn
spikelet. A vast mountain is a small thing. The universe and I came into
being together; and all things therein are One.

"In the light of _Tao_, affirmative is reconciled with negative;
objective is identified with subjective. And when subjective and
objective are both without their correlates, that is the very axis of
_Tao_. And when that axis passes through the centre at which all
infinities converge, positive and negative alike blend into an infinite
One."

Thus, morally speaking, we can escape from the world and self, and can
reverse and look down upon the world's judgments; while in the
speculative region we get behind and beyond the contradictions of
ordinary thought and speech. A perfect man is the result. He becomes, as
it were, a spiritual being. As Chuang Tzu puts it:--

"Were the ocean itself scorched up, he would not feel hot. Were the
Milky Way frozen hard, he would not feel cold. Were the mountains
to be riven with thunder, and the great deep to be thrown up by storm,
he would not tremble. In such case, he would mount upon the clouds of
Heaven, and driving the sun and moon before him, would pass beyond the
limits of this external world, where death and life have no more victory
over man."

We have now an all-embracing One, beyond the limits of this world, and
we have man perfected and refined until he is no longer a prey to
objective existences. Lao Tzu has already hinted at "the Whence, a