system of principles,--a system which was based upon free statehood,
just connection and union. The British-American Union of 1763 was a
Union of States under the State of Great Britain as Justiciar, that
State having power to dispose of and make all rules and regulations
respecting the connected and united free states, needful to protect
and preserve the connection and union, according to the principles of
the Law of Connections and Unions. The dissolution of this Union,
caused by the violation by the State of Great Britain of its duties as
Justiciar State, gave a great impetus to the extreme states-rights
party, and the next connection formed,--that of 1778 under the
Articles of Confederation,--was not a Union, the Common Government
(the Congress) being merely a Chief Executive. Such a connection
proving to be so slight as to be little more than a fiction, they
formed, under the Constitution of 1787, the only other kind of a union
which appears to be practicable, namely, a union under a common
government which was a Chief Legislature for all the connected and
United States by their express grant, and whose powers were expressly
limited, by limitation in the grant, to the common purposes of the
whole connection and union of free states.

If the Constitution, in defining what are the common purposes of the
Union and what the local purposes of the States of the Union, is
declaratory of the principles of the Law of Connections and Unions of
Free States, as it seems not unreasonable to hold, the Limited
Legislative Union formed under the Constitution may perhaps be
considered, in view of the supremacy of the Judiciary, as Guardians of
the Constitution, over the Limited Legislature, as a species of
Justiciary Union.

Moreover, if in what has been said we are correct, the relationship at
present existing between the American Union and the Insular regions,
is that of _de facto_ Justiciary Union, and the American Congress,
under the lead of President McKinley and President Roosevelt, has
acted, with reference to these regions, according to the principles of
the American system. The American Union, through President McKinley,
has declared itself to be "a liberating, not a conquering nation," and
has recognized the people of Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Philippines as
each having a separate and local citizenship, thus recognizing each of
these regions as a _de facto_ free state connected with the American
Union. The action of