On the meta, the
quintets are set free, and follow the boron type, while the cross becomes a
quartet on the meta level, and two duads on the hyper.

YTTRIUM (Plate XI, 3).

[Illustration]

In yttrium, on the proto level, _a_ 110 and _b_ 63 both escape from the
funnel, and behave as in scandium. The ovoids and "cigars," set free on the
meta level, behave as in boron. The central globe breaks up as in gold (pp.
49 and 50), four quartets being set free instead of two quartets and two
triplets. We have only to consider _e_ 8 and _d_ 20 (Plate XI, 4). _E_ 8 is
a tetrahedral arrangement of duads on the meta level, set free as duads on
the hyper. _D_ 20 is an arrangement of pairs of duads at the angles of a
square-based pyramid on the meta, and again free duads on the hyper.

NITROGEN (Plate XII, 1).

Nitrogen has nothing new to show us, all its constituents having appeared
in scandium and yttrium.

VANADIUM (Plate XII, 2).

The A funnel of vanadium repeats the A funnel of scandium, with the
addition of _d_ 20, already studied. In the B funnel scandium B is
repeated, with an addition of _d_ 20 and a sextet for a quintet; the sextet
is the _c_ of the "nitrogen balloon." The central globe follows boron, save
that it has a septet for its centre; this was figured in iodine (p. 48).

NIOBIUM (Plate XII, 3).

Niobium only differs from yttrium by the introduction of triplets for duads
in _e_; on the meta level we have therefore triplets, and on the hyper each
triplet yields a duad and a unit. The only other difference is in the
central globe. The tetrahedra separate as usual, but liberate eight
"cigars" instead of four with four quartets; the central body is simple,
becoming three triads at the angles of a triangle on the meta level, and
three duads and three units on the hyper.

ALUMINIUM (Plate XIII, 1).

[Illustration]

The funnels let go the globes, but the eight ovoids remain within them, so
that seven bodies are let loose on the proto level. When the ovoids are set
free at the meta stage they become spherical and a nine-atomed body is
produced, which breaks up into triangles on the hyper level. The globe
becomes a cross at the meta stage, with one atom from the duads at each arm
in addition to its own, and these form four duads on the hyper, and a unit
from the centre.

GALLIUM (Plate XIII, 2).

In gallium the funnel disappears on the proto level, setting free its two
contained segments, each of which forms a