85.00
The corresponding negative group consists only of fluorine and manganese,
so far as our investigations have gone.

FLUORINE (Plate IV, 3, and Plate XVII, 1) is a most peculiar looking object
like a projectile, and gives one the impression of being ready to shoot off
on the smallest provocation. The eight spikes, reversed funnels, coming to
a point, are probably responsible for this warlike appearance. The
remainder of the body is occupied by two "balloons."

FLUORINE: 8 spikes of 15 atoms 120
2 balloons 220
----
Total 340
----
Atomic weight 18.90
Number weight 340/18 18.88
MANGANESE (Plate XVII, 2) has fourteen spikes radiating from a central
"balloon."

MANGANESE: 14 spikes of 63 atoms 882
Central balloon 110
----
Total 992
----
Atomic weight 54.57
Number weight 992/18 55.11
* * * * *

IX.

We have now to consider the breaking up of the octahedral groups, and more
and more, as we proceed, do we find that the most complicated arrangements
are reducible to simple elements which are already familiar.

CARBON (Plate III, 5, and XV, 1).

[Illustration]

Carbon is the typical octahedron, and a clear understanding of this will
enable us to follow easily the constitution and disintegration of the
various members of these groups. Its appearance as a chemical atom is shown
on Plate III, and see XV, 1. On the proto level the chemical atom breaks up
into four segments, each consisting of a pair of funnels connected by a
single atom; this is the proto element which appears at the end of each arm
of the cross in titanium and zirconium. On the meta level the five
six-atomed "cigars" show two neutral combinations, and the truncated
"cigar" of five atoms is also neutral; the "leaves" yield two forms of
triplet, five different types being thus yielded by each pair of funnels,
exclusive of the linking atom. The hyper level has triplets, duads and
units.

TITANIUM (Plate III, 6, and XV, 2, 3).

[Illustration]

On the proto level, the cross breaks up completely, setting free the pairs