96 and p.
145. Consult also MacClintock, _Literature in
the Elementary School_, chap, vii, and McMurry,
_Special Method in Reading_, pp. 92-105.

The first nine myths in this section came
originally from Greek mythology. The Romans
adopted the mythology of the Greeks, but
changed the names of the gods. English-speaking
peoples have usually used these Latin versions.
Hence in the following Greek myths the Roman
names of the gods are used. In this note the
Greek name is usually given in parenthesis
after the Roman.

According to mythology, Saturn once ruled the
universe. After a great war he was overthrown
and the universe was divided into three
kingdoms, each governed by one of his sons.
Jupiter (Zeus) ruled the heavens and the earth;
Neptune (Poseidon) ruled the sea; and Pluto
(Dis) ruled Hades, or Tartarus, the gloomy
region of the dead in a cavern far under the
surface of the earth. The home of Jupiter and
the many other gods of heaven was represented
as being the top of Mount Olympus, in Thessaly.
Here each of the gods of heaven had a separate
dwelling, but all assembled at times in the
palace of Jupiter. Sometimes these gods went to
earth, through a gate of clouds kept by
goddesses called the Seasons.

The relations between these divinities were
much like those between people on earth. Some
had greater power than others, and rivalries
and quarrels frequently arose. Jupiter, the
supreme ruler, governed by wisdom as well as by
the power of his thunderbolt. He had three
sisters: Juno, Vesta, and Ceres. Juno (Hera)
was the wife of Jupiter and the noblest of the
goddesses. Vesta (Hestia), the goddess of
health, was not married. Ceres (Demeter), the
goddess of agriculture, was the mother of
Proserpine, who became wife of Pluto and queen
of Hades. Minerva (Athena), goddess of wisdom
and Jupiter's favorite daughter, had no mother,
as she sprang fully armed from Jupiter's head.
Venus (Aphrodite) was goddess of beauty and
mother of Cupid, god of love. Two other
goddesses were Diana (Artemis), modest virgin
goddess of the moon, who protects bru