vessels, either circular or elliptical, which
are placed one upon another, and the fire lighted in the central tube or
flue. A small iron stand, supporting an ordinary pot or kettle, may be
placed on the top as in the other set. A small hole, 18 inches long, 6
inches deep, and of the same width as the central tube of the annular
kettles, may be made for an ashpit, or the kitchen may be raised a few
inches from the ground on stones or turf. The annular vessels may be
made cylindrical or conical; in the latter case they will fit or nest
into one another, and save space when not in use. They may be made
circular or elliptical. Those intended for cavalry are provided with
straps to attach them to the saddle. This form of kitchen is intended
for the use of troops on active service, or in camp or barracks,
workhouses prisons, schools, and soup kitchens; also for cooking food
for cattle and hounds; and for all who may require to cook and
distribute quickly large quantities of food, soup, or tea, or to heat
water rapidly at a small cost. The manufacturers are M. Adams & Son,
London.--_Iron_.

[Illustration: FIG. 1.-FIG. 3. FIELD KITCHENS.]

[Illustration: FIG. 4.-FIG. 6. FIELD KITCHENS.]

[Illustration: FIG. 7.-FIG. 8. FIELD KITCHENS.]

* * * * *

A NEW COP-WINDER.

In Germany extensive use is made of a cop-winding machine in which the
wooden spindle consists of a cone moved by a screw, and the position of
which is horizontal. Fig. 1 shows the primitive type of the German
apparatus, in which the cone that forms the cop is set in motion by a
horizontal screw. It is at first the greater diameter of the cone that
moves the tube, and permits the thread to accumulate beneath the narrow
extremity. But, as soon as a core of thread has been formed, it is in
contact with the entire surface of the cone, and thus revolves with a
mean velocity until it is finished.

In the new model (Fig. 2) the arrangement is different. Here A is the
paper tube, with wooden base, to which it is freely attached, and C is
the cone that moves over the screw, D. The thread passes into a groove
which makes one revolution of the cone, and from thence over the paper
tube, where it receives the form of a cop by reason of the transverse
motion of the cone upon the screw. This transverse motion is at first
prevented by the click, F, which falls into the teeth of the
ratchet-wheel fixed behind the cone. The shaft revolv