t is by the power of friction; that is to say,
the two wheels, or paddles turning diametrically, or at the same moment,
on their axioms, and repressing by the rotundity of their motion the
action of the menstruum in which the machine floats,--water being, in
a philosophical sense, a powerful non-conductor,--it is clear, that in
proportion as is the revulsion so is the progression; and as is the
centrifugal force, so is the--."

"Pooh!" cried Uncle John, "let us have some music."

_New Monthly Magazine._

* * * * *

LAWS FOR THE POOR.

Every civilized state in the world, except Ireland, has prevented the
extortion of the landlords, by institutions, either springing from the
nature of society, or established by positive legal enactments.

In Austria, great exertions are made for the poor.--Vide "Reisbeck's
Travels through Germany," p. 79; and "Este's Journey," p. 337.

In Bavaria, there are laws obliging each community to maintain its own
poor.--Vide "Count Rumford's Establishment of Poor in Bavaria," chap. 1.

In Protestant Germany they are even better provided for.--Vide
"Henderson's Tour in Germany," p. 74.

In Russia, the aged and infirm are provided with food and raiment by
law, at the expense of the owner of the estate.--"Clarke's Travels in
Russia." For others who may want, there is a college of provision in
each government.--"Took's Russian Empire," vol. ii. p. 181.

In Livonia and Poland, the lord is bound by law to provide for the
serf.--Vide "Bavarian Transactions," vol. iii.

In Northern Italy and Sicily, the crop is equally divided between
landlord and tenant.--Vide "Sismondi's Italy." And the revenues of the
church support the poor.

In imperial France, though the land had been divided by an Agrarian law,
and cultivated, yet the Octroi, with other revenues, were devoted to the
poor.

In Hungary, though feudal slavery gives an interest to the lord of the
soil in the life of his serf, yet the law insists upon the provision of
food, raiment and shelter. In Switzerland, though the Agrarian law is in
force, and the governments purchase corn to keep down the retail prices,
yet there is a provision for the poor.--Vide "Sismondi's Switzerland,"
vol. 1. p. 452. In Norway there is a provision for the poor.--Clarke's
"Scandinavia," p. 637.

In Sweden, the most moral country in the world, the poor are maintained
in the same manner as in England; a portion of the paroch