ce work, which you may safely say reduces the cost
of labor from ten to twenty per cent., as compared with time
work. However, for such of them as are employed on time, the
rates I give you are correct.

In the foregoing prices of ships I have given you, you may say
that 27-1/2 per cent. of the total cost at present price of
materials may be put down against labor, but of course this
will vary as the prices of materials vary.

_Rates of wages paid on Clyde to men employed in the
manufacture of iron ships--apprentices excluded_:

d.
Carpenters 7
Joiners 7-1/4
Blacksmiths 6-1/2
Platers 6-1/2
Rivetters 5-3/4
Laborers 3-3/4
Angle iron-smiths 6-1/4
Riggers 6-3/4
Hammer-men 4-1/4
Holders up 4-1/4

_Rates of wages paid on Clyde to men employed in the
manufacture of marine engines and boilers--apprentices
excluded_:

d.
Smiters 6.6
Strikers or hammer-men 4.23
Angle iron-smiths 6.5
Boiler platers 7.07
Rivetters and caulkers 6.23
Holders up 4.7
Iron turners 6.47
Iron finishers 6.10
Engine fitters and erectors 6.16
Planing machinists 5.64
Shaping 5.17
Slotting 5.3
Drilling 4.9
Pattern-Makers 7.53
Carpenters 7
Joiners 5.5
Engine-drivers 4.55
Ordinary laborers 4

_N. B._--The above are the average rates of each class of men
as detailed, and the rates given are the amount paid in pence
and in fractions or decimals of pence per hour. Fifty-one
hours constitute a working week. Boiler-platers work mostly
by the piece, but the rates given are those paid when they
are on time.

January, 1878."

I have endeavored in vain to procure from Mr. Roach his corresponding
prices of steamships and labor rates. The nearest approach to the
latter has been obtained from the Secretary of