y
side, defended themselves successfully, and finally repulsed the enemy.

So, at Leipsic, in 1813, when the grand battery of the Guard, which had
been left temporarily without a support, was charged by the Russian
hussars and Cossacks, Drouot, its commander, rapidly drew back its
flanks till they nearly met; and the cavalry were soon repulsed by its
fire.

7. At the battle of Hanau, in 1813, Drouot's eighty guns were charged by
the Allied cavalry. Having no supports, he placed his gunners in front
of them with their carbines. This checked the cavalry, who were then
covered with grape, which drove them back to their lines.

Ought not our gunners also to have _carbines slung on their backs_ for
such emergencies? Against infantry, our guns would often need no other
support. The carbines could be used to reply to the enemy's skirmishers;
and the example just cited shows that, thus equipped, artillerymen may
sometimes successfully defend their pieces even against cavalry.

TACTICAL USE OF CAVALRY.

We shall consider--

I.--ITS FORMATIONS.
II.--ITS STRONG AND ITS WEAK POINTS.
III.--HOW IT IS POSTED.
IV.--ITS SUPPORTS.
V.--HOW IT IS USED.
VI.--HOW IT FIGHTS.
VII.--ITS CHARGE.
VIII.--ITS ATTACK ON INFANTRY.

And shall conclude with some--

IX.--GENERAL REMARKS.

I.--Its Formations.

1. The _formations_ of cavalry for battle are either--

(1.) In deployed lines.
(2.) Lines of regiments, in columns of attack doubled on the centre.
(3.) A mixed formation of lines and columns.
(4.) Echelons of lines or columns; or--
(5.) Deep columns.

2. _Deployed lines_ are not objectionable in principle. They are often
not advisable; but are sometimes necessary.

But long, continuous lines should always be avoided; being unfavorable
to rapid manoeuvring, which cavalry is constantly called upon to
execute in the field.

3. Cavalry has, in its horses, an unreasoning element, which is not
controllable, like men; and is therefore much more easily thrown into
disorder than infantry. For this reason, when deployed, it should always
be _in two lines_; the second behind the first; the first line deployed,
and the second in columns of squadrons by platoons. There should be also
a reserve at a few hundred paces behind the second line.

The second line should be near enough to the first to be able to support
it, if checked; but not so near as to partake in its disorder, if
repulsed.

4. Cavalry should be