hat we must wait, that we must have patience, there
was great disappointment. We thought that we should begin at once, and
there were some who said that Karl was afraid, but I knew that they
were wrong, and told them so. There was a fierce discussion at the
meeting one night over a letter which I had received from Karl, and
which he wanted me to read to the members.

"George Herwegh was in Paris, so the letter said, and was trying hard
to raise a legion of German workingmen to march into the Fatherland
and begin the fight. This, Karl said, was a terrible mistake. It was
useless, to begin with, for what could such a legion of tailors and
cigarmakers and weavers do against the Prussian army? It was plain
that the legion would be annihilated. Besides, it would hurt the cause
in another way by taking out of Paris thousands of good revolutionists
who were needed there.

"'Tell the comrades,' he wrote, 'that it is not a question of
cowardice or fear, but of wisdom. It takes more courage to live for
the long struggle than to go out and be shot.' He wanted the comrades
to wait patiently and to do all they could to persuade their friends
in Paris not to follow Herwegh's advice. Most of the Germans in Paris
followed Karl's advice, but a few followed Herwegh and marched into
Baden later on, to be scattered by the regular troops as chaff is
scattered by the wind.

"The German comrades in Paris sent us a special manifesto, which Karl
wrote, and we were asked to distribute it among the working people.
That would be a good way to educate the workers, Karl wrote to our
committee, but I tell you it seemed a very small thing to do in those
trying times, and it didn't satisfy the comrades who were demanding
more radical revolutionary action. Why, even I seemed to forget Karl's
advice for a little while.

"On the 13th of March--you'll remember that was the day on which more
than a hundred thousand Chartists gathered on Kennington Common--the
revolution broke out in Vienna. Then things began to move in Cologne,
too. As soon as the news came from Vienna, August von Willich, who had
been an artillery officer, led a big mob right into the Cologne
Council Chamber. I was in the mob and shouted as loud as anybody. We
demanded that the authorities should send a petition to the King, in
the name of the city, demanding freedom and constitutional government.

"And then on the 18th, the same day that saw the people of Berlin
fighting behind barr