f the tale. To the Russian they give a poetic touch,
a little sense of confusion and mystery which is certainly delightful.

The Language of the Birds

_Holy Russia_. To the Russian his country is sacred;
everything outside is profane by comparison. The phrase suggests the
_Holy Roman Empire_ of history, or the _Celestial Kingdom_
of the Chinese.

Ivanoushka the Simpleton

In the peasant's house there is often a large stove of brick or
tile on which the family sleep in cold weather.

_A day in and an equal day out_, the Russian idiom. Observe
how very like our own.

Woe Bogotir

_Kabak_, a drinking saloon.

The _ruble_ is the principal coin of Russia, as the dollar
is in the United States. It is equal to 100 copecks, and at this time
(1903) is worth only about 50 cents.

_Honey to drink_, i.e., fermented honey, or mead.

Baba Yaga

_Baba_, a peasant woman, or grandmother; granny.
_Yaga_, witch. _Baba Yaga_, therefore, is the familiar
"Grandmother Witch."

_Izba_, a hut. _Izboushka_, a tiny hut.

Father Frost

_Schouba_, a large fur-lined cloak.

_Sarafan_, the Russian national costume for women.

[Illustration]

[Illustration]

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