FREE BOOKS

Author's List




PREV.   NEXT  
|<   244   245   246   247   248   249   250   251   252   253   254   255   256   257   258   259   260   261   262   263   264   265   266   267   268  
269   270   271   272   273   274   275   276   277   278   279   280   281   282   283   284   285   286   287   288   289   290   291   292   293   >>   >|  
sult, Finland must increase its competitiveness in certain sectors, for example, textiles, foodstuffs, paper, and metals, and has already begun to shift trade westward. Finland, as a member of EFTA, is negotiating a European Economic Area arrangement with the EC which would allow for free movement of capital, goods, services, and labor within the organization. _#_GDP: $77.3 billion, per capita $15,500; real growth rate - 0.1% (1990) _#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.0% (1991 est.) _#_Unemployment rate: 5.7% (1991 est.) _#_Budget: revenues $35.1 billion; expenditures $33.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.4 billion (1990) _#_Exports: $23.3 billion (f.o.b., 1989); commodities--timber, paper and pulp, ships, machinery, clothing and footwear; partners--EC 44.0% (UK 12.0%, FRG 10.8%), USSR 14.5%, Sweden 14.3%, US 6.4% _#_Imports: $24.4 billion (c.i.f., 1989); commodities--foodstuffs, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, transport equipment, iron and steel, machinery, textile yarn and fabrics, fodder grains; partners--EC 44.5% (FRG 17.3%, UK 6.6%), Sweden 13.6%, USSR 11.5%, US 6.3% _#_External debt: $5.3 billion (1989) _#_Industrial production: growth rate - 3.0% (1991 est.); accounts for 28% of GDP _#_Electricity: 13,324,000 kW capacity; 49,330 million kWh produced, 9,940 kWh per capita (1989) _#_Industries: metal manufacturing and shipbuilding, forestry and wood processing (pulp, paper), copper refining, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing _#_Agriculture: accounts for 8% of GNP (including forestry); livestock production, especially dairy cattle, predominates; forestry is an important export earner and a secondary occupation for the rural population; main crops--cereals, sugar beets, potatoes; 85% self-sufficient, but short of food and fodder grains; annual fish catch about 160,000 metric tons _#_Economic aid: donor--ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $2.7 billion _#_Currency: markka (plural--markkaa); 1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia _#_Exchange rates: markkaa (FMk) per US$1--3.6421 (January 1991), 3.8235 (1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988), 4.3956 (1987), 5.0695 (1986), 6.1979 (1985) _#_Fiscal year: calendar year _*_Communications _#_Railroads: 5,924 km total; Finnish State Railways (VR) operate a total of 5,863 km 1.524-meter gauge, of which 480 km are multiple track and 1,445 km are electrified _
PREV.   NEXT  
|<   244   245   246   247   248   249   250   251   252   253   254   255   256   257   258   259   260   261   262   263   264   265   266   267   268  
269   270   271   272   273   274   275   276   277   278   279   280   281   282   283   284   285   286   287   288   289   290   291   292   293   >>   >|  



Top keywords:

billion

 

forestry

 

foodstuffs

 

expenditures

 

machinery

 

clothing

 
including
 

commodities

 
accounts
 
production

markka

 
markkaa
 
grains
 

growth

 
chemicals
 

petroleum

 
Sweden
 

partners

 
fodder
 

capital


Finland

 
textiles
 

Economic

 

capita

 

Currency

 

annual

 

commitments

 

metric

 

important

 

export


earner

 

secondary

 

predominates

 
livestock
 
cattle
 

occupation

 

potatoes

 

cereals

 

population

 

sufficient


Finmark

 

Finnish

 
Railways
 

calendar

 
Communications
 
Railroads
 

operate

 
multiple
 
electrified
 

increase