e
continuing bloody civil war. Over the past decade, one-third of the
population has fled the country, with Pakistan sheltering about 3.3
million refugees and Iran about 1.3 million. Another 1 million have
probably moved into and around urban areas within Afghanistan. Large
numbers of bridges, buildings, and factories have been destroyed or
damaged by military action or sabotage. Government claims
to the contrary, gross domestic product almost certainly is
lower than 10 years ago because of the loss of labor and capital
and the disruption of trade and transport.

_#_GDP: $3 billion, per capita $200; real growth rate 0% (1989 est.)

_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): over 92% (1990 est.)

_#_Unemployment rate: NA%

_#_Budget: revenues $1.2 billion; expenditures $4.3 billion,
including capital expenditures of $306 million (FY91 est.)

_#_Exports: $236 million (f.o.b., FY90);

commodities--natural gas 55%, fruits and nuts 24%, handwoven
carpets, wool, cotton, hides, and pelts;

partners--mostly USSR and Eastern Europe

_#_Imports: $874 million (c.i.f., FY90 est.);

commodities--food and petroleum products;

partners--mostly USSR and Eastern Europe

_#_External debt: $2.3 billion (March 1991 est.)

_#_Industrial production: growth rate 8.1% (FY91 plan); accounts
for about 25% of GDP

_#_Electricity: 480,000 kW capacity; 1,470 million kWh produced,
100 kWh per capita (1989)

_#_Industries: small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture,
shoes, fertilizer, and cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, oil, coal,
copper

_#_Agriculture: largely subsistence farming and nomadic animal
husbandry; cash products--wheat, fruits, nuts, karakul pelts, wool,
mutton

_#_Illicit drugs: an illicit producer of opium poppy and cannabis
for the international drug trade; world's second-largest opium producer
(after Burma) and a major source of hashish

_#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $322
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1970-88), $465 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $57 million;
Communist countries (1970-89), $4.1 billion

_#_Currency: afghani (plural--afghanis); 1 afghani (Af) = 100 puls

_#_Exchange rates: afghanis (Af) per US$1--586 (March 1991)

_#_Fiscal year: 21 March-20 March

_*_Communications
_#_Railroads: 9.6 km (single track) 1.524-meter gauge from Kushka
(USSR) to Towraghondi and 15.0 km fr