ultilateral treaties dealing with the
legal and administrative aspects of intellectual property.

Intellectual property comprises industrial property and
copyright. Industrial property relates to inventions,
trademarks, industrial designs and appellations of origin.
Copyright relates to literary, musical, artistic, photographic
and audiovisual works. WIPO stated on its website in 1999: "As
regards the number of literary and artistic works created
worldwide, it is difficult to make a precise estimate. However,
the information available indicates that at present around
1,000,000 books/titles are published and some 5,000 feature
films are produced in a year, and the number of copies of
phonograms sold per year presently is more than 3,000 million."

Copyright protection means that using a copyrighted work is
lawful only if we get authorization from the copyright owner.
As explained by WIPO on its website in the section
"International Protection of Copyright and Neighbouring
Rights", the authorizations granted by the copyright owner can
be: "The right to copy or otherwise reproduce any kind of work;
the right to distribute copies to the public; the right to rent
copies of at least certain categories of works (such as
computer programs and audiovisual works); the right to make
sound recordings of the performances of literary and musical
works; the right to perform in public, particularly musical,
dramatic or audiovisual works; the right to communicate to the
public by cable or otherwise the performances of such works
and, particularly, to broadcast, by radio, television or other
wireless means, any kind of work; the right to translate
literary works; the right to rent, particularly, audiovisual
works, works embodied in phonograms and computer programs; the
right to adapt any kind of work and particularly the right to
make audiovisual works thereof."

Under some national laws, some of these rights - which together
are referred to as "economic rights" - are not exclusive rights
of authorization but, in some specific cases, merely rights to
remuneration. In addition to economic rights, authors - whether
or not they own the economic rights - enjoy "moral rights" on
the basis of which authors have the right to claim their
authorship and require that their names be indicated on the
copies of the work and in connection with other uses, and they
have the right to oppose the mutilation or deformation of their
works.

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